Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacological Stimulation of Glycolytic ATP Production for Treating ROS-Mediated Cellular Senescence | Chapter 7 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 1

Cellular senescence is driven by two interconnected processes: a decline in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. ATP depletion primarily affects the energy-intensive synthesis of large macromolecules, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which are also more susceptible to oxidative damage than smaller biomolecules. Given these dynamics, enhancing ATP generation through anaerobic glycolysis—bypassing mitochondrial ROS production—could help counteract cellular senescence, it was proposed. Clinical studies support this approach. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) therapy has been shown to enhance glycolytic ATP production and reduce oxidative stress in both preclinical models and human trials. IH has demonstrated benefits in sports medicine by improving endurance, muscle regeneration, and recovery. Moreover, studies in elderly populations suggest that controlled IH protocols can enhance cognitive function, increase mobility, and reduce frailty by modulating metabolic pathways and mitigating oxidative damage. In addition, pharmacological strategies targeting mitochondrial function, such as metformin and mild respiratory chain inhibitors, have been shown to upregulate glycolysis while simultaneously reducing ROS production. Clinical trials indicate that metformin extends healthspan by improving metabolic efficiency, reducing inflammation, and attenuating cellular senescence markers. Similarly, preclinical studies suggest that partial inhibition of mitochondrial complex I can stimulate compensatory glycolysis, offering potential therapeutic benefits for cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders. A lifelong combination of non-pharmacological (IH therapy) and pharmacological (glycolysis-enhancing and ROS-reducing agents) interventions may significantly slow mitochondrial aging and improve overall healthspan, was proposed. Further clinical trials are warranted to validate these approaches and optimize therapeutic protocols for mitigating ROS-mediated cellular senescence.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Victor I. Seledtsov
Innovita Research Company, 14166 Vilnius, Lithuania.

 

Alexei A. von Delwig
Innovita Research Company, 14166 Vilnius, Lithuania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v1/4509

In-silico Determination of Some Conditions Leading to Glycolytic Oscillations and their Interference with Tryptophan Synthesis in E. coli Cells | Chapter 2 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 Numerous microorganisms exhibit the phenomenon known as independent oscillations of species levels in glycolysis, that demonstrates the self-control concerning this crucial cellular road that is any of the central carbon absorption (CCM). Living cells oscillate their levels of glycolytic go-between in response to their surroundings and internal processes, particularly the ATP improvement system.  As long as most of the glycolytic go-between are involved in various basic metabolic pathways belonging to the CCM, determining the environments that lead to the incident and maintenance of the glycolytic oscillations, and evaluation of the movement and average level of its intermediates is of extreme importance, by giving immediate practical requests, due to glycolysis connections accompanying most of cell syntheses. Based on our glycolysis energetic model, validated in previous everything, this paper is aiming to in silico (math model-located) identify referring to practices or policies that do not negatively affect the environment conditions and cell determinants leading to the incident of stable glycolytic oscillations in the E. coli cells. Such an reasoning can be used to design genetic reduced micro-organisms (GMO) containing certain ’motifs’ of useful interest. As an example, interactions 'tween the glycolytic oscillations and the oscillatory TRP synthesis (through the PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) joint node) is here analysed.

The analysis allows further TRP production maximization in a semi-continuous bioreactor (SBR).

Author(s) Details:

Gheorghe Maria,
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu Str. 1-7, Bucharest-011061, Romania and Romanian Academy, Chemical Sciences Section, Calea Victoriei 125, Bucharest-010071, Romania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V5/article/view/10480

Dose-Responsive Effect of Sub-acute Lead Exposure on Alteration of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Murine Model | Chapter 6 | Current Overview on Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6

 The measurement-responsive effect of substitute-acute lead exposure on hydrogen metabolism was judged. Five groups of Swiss albino male rodent were formed; a control group and added lead-treated groups; Group A (5 mg/kg body burden), Group B (10 mg/kg body pressure), Group C (15 mg/kg body pressure) and Group D (20 mg/kg body weight). Lead uncovering caused meaningful reduction in ancestry and hepatic glucose levels in addition to liver glycogen content in a dose-helpless manner; ultimate remarkable effect was famous in group D. All of the treated groups knowing a considerable decline in and oxygen 6-phosphatase activity. Dose-helpless increase in pyruvic acid content was found expected associated with decrease in pyruvate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and transaminase enzyme actions. Additionally, increased free amino acid nitrogen in liver subsequently lead exposure can provide more substrates for gluconeogenesis. So, an adaptive method was initiated by exciting glycogenolytic and retarding glycolytic activity in liver to restore from the toxic effect of lead.

Author(s) Details:

Sudipta Pal,
Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura 799022, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COPS-V6/article/view/9469

Study about 2-83bromo -2-deoxyglucose, 6-bromo-glucose: Two Trojan Horses for the War against Cancer? - 3-18fluoro-pyruvate as a Probe for Enhanced Expression of Monocarboxylate Transporters in Cancer| Chapter 7 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol. 1

Since its discovery almost a century ago (Warburg), the times-fold increase in glycolysis in cancer has been a well-studied impact in cancer research for many years, if not decades, and it is now recognised as the most significant characteristic of cancer. As a result, some researchers have recently suggested that inhibiting glycolysis in cancer cells might be a promising cancer therapy. Among the glycolysis inhibitors tested, 3-bromopyruvate, a pyruvate analogue, piqued the interest of researchers in the area, probably because it was thought to be particularly selective for cancer cells immediately after the first tests. In order to improve the therapeutic efficacy of this approach, it is tentatively suggested in this study that derivatives of 3-bromopyruvate, glucose or deoxyglucose, some marked with the positron emitting 18F or the beta minus emitting 83Br, and a non-radioactive glucose with a Br atom on the C6 could be used as anticancer agents. After finding a well-differentiated uptake between cancer and normal tissues (ratio of uptake/kg in cancer to the same in the whole body greater than 10) and replacing 18F with the radioactive 83Br in the pyruvate molecule in an attempt to introduce a radioactive isotope emitting beta minus radiation, the researchers tried substituting 18F with the radioactive 83Br in the pyruvate molecule.

Author(s) Details:

P. Dell'Antone,
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali, Via Colombo 3 Padova, Italy.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V1/article/view/6765