Statistical Downscaling of Temperature and Precipitation for Mount Makulu, Zambia Using the Statistical Downscaling Portal for 2010-2099 | Chapter 3 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 8

 Statistical downscaling of temperature and precipitation bridges the gap between the predictors and predictand and assist policymakers, researcher, and end users to assess the likely impacts of climate change on key sectors. This study simulated the future change in temperature and precipitation for Mount Makulu, Zambia using ERA-Interim reanalysis data within the Statistical Downscaling Portal (SDP). Climate scenarios were generated for temperature and precipitation for 2010-2039/1971-2000, 2040-2069/1971-2000 and 2070-2099/1971-2000 for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The Mann-Kendall test showed a significant positive trend for maximum and average temperature for the current and future climate scenarios at p<0.05. Results showed a higher variability and decreasing trend in annual precipitation under RCP 8.5 compared to RCP 4.5. The mean temperature change relative to the baseline would be 1.03oC, 1.21oC, 1.65oC, 1.87oC, 1.89oC and 2.23oC under RCP4.5 (2020), RCP8.5 (2020), RCP4.5 (2050), RCP8.5 (2050), RCP4.5 (2080) and RCP8.5 (2080), respectively. The use of PP improves the coarse spatial resolution of temperature and precipitation in GCMs and assists decision makers and end users in understanding the likely impacts of climate variability and change. The future climate scenarios under RCPs (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) provides new insights in rainfall and temperature trends from 2010-2099. The findings provide useful information as inputs into the Sectors and National Adaptation Plans.

Author(s) Details:

Charles Bwalya Chisanga,
The Copperbelt University, SNR, PES, P. O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Copperbelt, Zambia.

Elijah Phiri,
University of Zambia, School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil Science, P. O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.

Vernon R. N. Chinene,
University of Zambia, School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil Science, P. O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.

Monday Chota,
Ministry of Education, P. O. Box 440045, Isoka, Muchinga, Zambia.

Edson Nkonde,
Zambia Meteorological Department, P. O. Box 30200, Lusaka, Zambia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V8/article/view/13615

Keywords: Scenarios, climate change, GCMs, perfect prognosis, statistical downscaling, SDP, predictand, predictor

Potential of Bioactive Compounds of Holothuria atra- Associated Bacteria as a Raw Material in Bioindustry | Chapter 07 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 4

 Sea cucumbers contain bioactive substances that are beneficial to one's health. These active compounds have the potential to be employed as raw materials in marine aquaculture. The goal of this research is to see if sea cucumber intestine-associated bacteria may be used as a bioindustry material by looking at their properties using the GC-MS method. In the extraction procedure, the solid-liquid technique is applied. In the fractionation procedure, open column chromatography (OCC) is used. The Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method was used to determine antibacterial sensitivity. The isolation of black sea cucumber symbionts yielded 26 bacterial isolates in this investigation (Holothuria atra). Nine of the 26 bacterial isolates tested positive for antibacterial activity against MDR bacteria. T.1.2, which created a 7.3 mm zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli and 7.8 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, and T.1.13, which was only active against Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone of 8.2 mm, were chosen from the 9 test results. The identification of chosen isolates revealed that isolate T.1.2 had 97 percent identity with Bacillus manliponensis and isolate T.4.1.25 had 95 percent homology with Bacillus oceanisediminis. In sea cucumber intestine-associated bacteria, GC-MS analysis revealed Methyl hexadecanoate/methyl palmitate, Bis (2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-benzene dicarboxylate, 9-Octadecenal, Glycerol-1,3-dihexadecanoate, and Diisooctyl-1,2-benzene dicarboxylate. Diisooctyl-1,2-benzene dicarboxylate is a raw ingredient for plastic that can also be utilised in the bioindustry. Because they contain natural components for plastic raw materials, the bioactive compounds of sea cucumber intestine-associated bacteria discovered in H. atra are beneficial as a raw ingredient of marine aquaculture products, according to the study.

Author(S) Details

Delianis Pringgenies
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

Gunawan Widi Santosa
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

Ali Djunaedi
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

A. B. Susanto
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V4/article/view/4299