Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato: An In vitro Study Approach | Chapter 4 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 2

This review summarizes about In vitro susceptibility testing methods and In vitro interactions of B. burgdorferi s.l. with antimicrobial agents and antibiotic medium preparations. The multisystem illness known as human Lyme borreliosis (LB) can advance in phases. Hard ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex that have contracted the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato are the carriers of the causative agents.  Today, LB is considered the most important human tick-borne illness in the Northern Hemisphere. The causative agent was identified and successfully isolated in 1982 and, shortly thereafter, antibiotic treatment was found to be safe and efficacious. Since then, various In vitro studies have been conducted in order to improve our knowledge of the activity of antimicrobial agents against B. burgdorferi s.l. The full spectrum of In vitro antibiotic susceptibility has still not been defined for some of the more recently developed compounds. Moreover, our current understanding of the In vitro interactions between B. burgdorferi s.l. and antimicrobial agents, and their possible mechanisms of resistance remains very limited and is largely based on In vitro susceptibility experiments on only a few isolates of Borrelia. The potential processes underlying the In vitro survival of spirochetes exposed to antimicrobial drugs in the presence of animal and human cell lines are much less understood. There have only been a modest number of cell culture experiments and laboratory research carried out. In addition to ongoing clinical trials on the optimum treatment regimen for LB, further basic research is urgently needed in order to better understand possible genetic or phenotypic mechanisms of persistence in Borrelia spp. This review summarizes what is and what is not known about the In vitro susceptibility of B. burgdorferi s.l. It aims to shed light on the known unknowns that continue to fuel current debates on possible treatment resistance and mechanisms of persistence of Lyme disease spirochetes in the presence of antimicrobial agents.

Author(s) Details:

Klaus-Peter Hunfeld,
Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology & Infection Control, Northwest Medical Centre, Academic Teaching Hospital, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Steinbacher Hohl 2-26, D-60488 Frankfurt am Main, Germany and INSTAND e.V., Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Qualitätssicherung in medizinischen Laboratorien e.V., Ubierstraße 20, D-40223 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Peter Kraiczy,
Institute for Medical Microbiology & Infection Control, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich Str. 40, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Douglas E. Norris,
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Benedikt Lohr,
Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology & Infection Control, Northwest Medical Centre, Academic Teaching Hospital, Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, Steinbacher Hohl 2-26, D-60488 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RPMAB-V2/article/view/14119

Molecular Evidence for the Presence of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma platys among Domesticated Animal Population-Study Based on Real Time PCR Methodology–in Thrissur District-Kerala, India | Chapter 4 | Newest Updates in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 3

 A very extreme prevalence of tick communicated diseases is observed between domesticated animal populace in Kerala now days. Conventional demonstrative methods established microscopy will not be sufficient to identify spirochete like Borrelia burgdorferi and germ like Anaplasma platys. The present study was aimed to use Taqman located qualitative Real Time PCR (qPCR) as an aid to think the presence of B. burgdorferi-bacterium creating Lyme disease and A. platys-germ affecting platelets, between our domesticated animal state. Previously reported, forward and reverse primers and probe sequences specific for A. platys (1) and B. burgdorferi (2) were secondhand in the study. Results of the present study shows that principal part the domesticated animal class tested from two together Wayanad and Thrissur districts were found to harbour either A. platys or Borrelia or two together pathogens. Based on the qualitative discovery of specific deoxyribonucleic acid targets, qPCR can be dependably used as an aid inaccurate and confirmatory disease up to class level. To authors knowledge this is the first report for molecular evidence of the A. platys and B. burgdorferi between domesticated animal public in the state of Kerala that should be a major concern and demands further detailed review including more number of samples from various districts describing different geographical domains.

Author(s) Details:

Sunitha Karunakaran,
Veterinary Dispensary, Koorkanchery, Department of Animal Husbandry, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

Gopika Thattat Gopinathan,
Clinical Laboratory, Animal Disease Control Project, Department of Animal Husbandry, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

Hareesh Sasidharan,
Clinical Laboratory, Animal Disease Control Project, Department of Animal Husbandry, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NUAVS-V3/article/view/9668