Cytological Analysis of Oral Mucosal Changes in Smokers: Insights from AgNOR Counts and Papanicolaou Staining | Chapter 9 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

Objective: The goal of this chapter is to look at the cytological changes that happen in smokers' mouth linings, specifically the cell changes and proliferation seen using Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Region (AgNOR) counts along with Papanicolaou (Pap) staining.

Methodology: Oral mucosal smears from 500 individuals, aged between 18 and 80 years, were collected in Al Madinah Al Munawara. The AgNOR counting and Pap staining were employed to evaluate cytological alterations such as atypia, inflammation, dysplasia, keratinization, and the proliferative activity of epithelial cells.

Results: Smokers exhibited significantly higher AgNOR counts per nucleus compared to nonsmokers (1.99 ± 3.53 vs. 0.42 ± 1.22). 42.3% of smokers and 20% of nonsmokers showed inflammatory changes. Multinucleated cells and cytological atypia in 11% of smokers, but not in the control group, were detected. These findings suggest increased proliferative activity among smokers, even in the absence of visible clinical lesions.

Conclusion: Pap staining alone does not provide sufficient information to detect smoking-related changes in the oral mucosa. Using both Pap staining and the AgNOR technique together makes it easier to find cytological abnormalities and proliferative activity. This gives a more complete picture of how smoking affects the oral mucosa.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Faris M. Elmahdi
Department of Basic Sciences, Alrayan National College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, KSA.

 

Lina A. Salim
Department of Anesthesia, College of Medical Sciences, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, KSA.

 

Sumia S. Kabeer
Department of Basic Sciences, Alrayan National College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, KSA.

 

Jori O. Kareembakhsh
Alrayan National College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, KSA.

 

Amina J. Alshinqiti
Alrayan National College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, KSA.

 

Sarah M Atom
Department of Basic Sciences, Alrayan National College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, KSA.

 

Abdelrahim Shaaeldin
Department of Clinical Sciences, Alrayan National College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, KSA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v4/3204 

AgNOR as a Proliferative Marker in the Diagnosis of Oral Cancer | Chapter 7 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 3

 Tumor evaluating and typing has an important part in evalution and assessing the administration of tumor both clinically and too the prognosis. Even though histopathological disease is golden standard, but some periods the pathology picture forsake to differentiate between mild or malignant tumors. To overcome this deficit, the study was designed to use buccal smears for diagnosis that is less cost effective, well allowed by the patients and maybe repeated some number of times. So the present study proposed at evaluating the proliferative index of the spoken epithelial cells taken from a buccal besmirch in three different groups that is to say normal subjects, compartment for smokers and tobacco chewers utilizing AgNOR staining.

Author(s) Details:

S. Prasanna,
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

N. Srikant,
Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V3/article/view/10882

AgNOR Expression in Canine Visceral Leishmaniosis | Chapter 10 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 7

 The AgNOR technique is one method of assessing cellular metabolism. Since NORs are involved in protein synthesis, their number rises in tandem with the rise in cell metabolism that occurs when the cell begins the cell cycle. NORs are involved in active transcription during Leishmania spp infection, and depending on clinical status, their activation may result in histopathological lesions. As a result, an AgNOR marker that can distinguish Leishmania-infected dogs with a higher risk of body impairment must be found. The aim of this research was to reevaluate the relationships between histological lesions, AgNORs expression, and clinical manifestations.

Author (s) Details

Bárbara Laurice Araújo Verçosa
Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Brazil.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RRAB-V7/article/view/842