Normal respiration is believed to involve adequate utilisation of the nasal and the nasopharyngeal tracts. Unusual enlargement of structures within these anatomic areas, such as adenoid tissue within the nasopharynx and nasal turbinates within the nasal cavities, could cause an impediment in the passage of air within the nasorespiratory channel. If the obstruction is of sufficient dimension to preclude nasal respiration, the result may be an adaptation to an oral mode of respiration. As of late, it has come to be realised that an oral mode of respiration causing postural adaptations of structures in the head and neck region, could have an effect on the positional relationship of the jaws and on the developing occlusion. With the latter as a prevailing philosophy, orthodontists have begun to see more problems in dentofacial development seemingly related to the necessity of an oral mode of respiration. Therefore, it has become necessary for orthodontists to examine the nasal and the nasopharyngeal areas and to evaluate the effects of obstructions in these areas on dentofacial development. Methods to evaluate the nasal airway in orthodontics began with the lateral cephalogram. However, two-dimensional cephalometric radiographs do not give a clear visualisation of the nasopharyngeal area. With the advancement in the diagnostic field, the advent of CBCT has opened the opportunity to evaluate the cross-sectional area of the airway as well as the volumetric 3D depiction of the entire airway using a lower radiation method than medical CT with a rapid scan that is non-invasive.
Author (s) Details
Jeenal V Gupta
Departments of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Modern Dental
College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v4/5426
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