Mud Crab Fisheries in the Sundarbans Area, Bangladesh: A Potential Livelihood of the Vulnerable Coastal Communities | Chapter 9 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7

 This chapter describes the current state and future prospects of coastal communities' participation in the mud crab fishery. Mud crab is one of the most important fisheries products, ranking third among Bangladesh's fisheries commodity exports. Sixty percent of the crabs exported come from the Sundarbans' mangrove forests. The country earns approximately US$ 45 million from the export of 10,000MT of live mud crab. The coastal zone accounts for 32% of the country's land area, and >80% of the coastal area is suitable for brackish water aquaculture. Despite the fact that shrimp is the primary coastal aquaculture product, massive disease outbreaks threaten production and producers' livelihoods. Thus, shifting to mud crab culture provides an opportunity for marginalized farmers to avoid the risks associated with shrimp farming. Crab farming has the potential to become the most important alternative livelihood option for the coastal population. Furthermore, while recent coastal disasters (such as SIDR and AILA) have had devastating effects on coastal ecosystems and significantly altered coastal communities' livelihood patterns, Many of the remaining waterlogged areas are easily converted to mud crab aquaculture. If the country can spread modern farming techniques and inspire local communities, the mud crab industry can thrive quickly and compete with shrimp for the highest-ranking fisheries commodity to export.

Author(s) Details

Prof. Md. Sherazul Islam
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V7/article/view/1824

Current Applications and Future Perspectives of Mxenes: 2D Materials | Chapter 8 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7

 The discovery of graphene in 2004 sparked interest in the investigation of two-dimensional (2D) materials. MXenes are a new class of metal carbides that include transition 2D metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. They have piqued the scientific and industrial communities' interest since their discovery in 2011 due to their unique properties, which include high electrical conductivity, hydrophilic nature, excellent thermal stability, and ample spacing between layers and high surface areas. We look briefly at MXenes' primary synthesis processes, properties, and some of the most intriguing potential applications that are currently known, such as environmental remediation, energy storage, biomedical applications, and food packaging, in this paper.

Author (s) Details

Laura Gobbi
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Marco Ruggeri
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Margherita Tiradritti
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Giuliana Vinci
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V7/article/view/1823

Energy Conservation in Buildings with Passive Heating & Cooling Strategies: A Prospective Study in Greece’s Climatic Zones | Chapter 7 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7

 This study aims to guide engineers and architects in the implementation of passive heating and cooling strategies, in order to ensure thermal comfort to building users at the lowest possible cost. Proposed passive heating and cooling strategies are also presented. Buildings are a significant energy consumer with a high potential for energy savings.Building energy efficiency can besignificantly improved with the use of appropriate technical and cost-effective technologies, with corresponding environmental and social benefits. The use of bioclimatic design techniques is especially important for a building's energy performance. This term refers to a design that aims to provide the best indoor comfort conditions while minimizing energy use and utilizing available natural resources while taking into account the local environment. Passive heating and cooling systems use natural sources (such as the sun and wind) to heat or cool a building without the use of mechanical means. The goal of passive system design is to maximize thermal comfort while conserving energy for as long as possible. Using passive heating and cooling systems, This study investigates the feasibility of providing thermal comfort conditions in regions of Greece with varying climatic conditions. The bioclimatic analysis is carried out using the Olgyay bioclimatic charts, which are designed for temperate regions. The findings demonstrate the impact of passive design strategies on occupant thermal comfort and provide architects and engineers with design guidelines for energy-independent buildings.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Sofia Giannarou
Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 193 Pantazidou Street, 68 200, Orestiada, Greece.

Dr. Michael Tsatiris
Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 193 Pantazidou Street, 68 200, Orestiada, Greece.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V7/article/view/1822

Bioclimatic Analysis Based on the Climate of Greece: An Approach towards Minimization of Energy Consumption in Buildings | Chapter 6 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7

 energy and other environmental sources, as well as various natural climate phenomena. As a result, energy consumption in the building sector is reduced, while building users are provided with thermal comfort. This work includes a bioclimatic analysis of regions of Greece with varying climatic features. KENAK 2017 classifies Greece's prefectures into four climate zones: A, B, C, and D are the letter combinations. The bioclimatic study is carried out with the help of the bioclimatic charts created by the Olgyay brothers Victor and Aladar. Victor and Aladar Olgyay's quantitative and qualitative bioclimatic charts are created for two Prefectures in each climate zone using relevant climatic data from the National Meteorological Service. The average values of the passive demands for sun radiation, shade, wind, and humidity are calculated for each month and climate zone. utilizing quantitative bioclimatic charts Qualitative bioclimatic charts are used to define passive heating and cooling strategies. The regression lines and second degree polynomials equations are then generated by using monthly charts of solar, radiant, wind, and humidity demands for each climate zone. These formulae can be used to easily compute passive thermal and cooling requirements for each month, and the results can be applied to areas with similar climates. As a result, the findings of this study can be used as a guide for building designers. They will be aware of the passive heating and cooling techniques that must be used in each building based on its climatic zone.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Sofia Giannarou
Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 193 Pantazidou Street, 68 200, Orestiada, Greece.

Dr. Michael Tsatiris
Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 193 Pantazidou Street, 68 200, Orestiada, Greece.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V7/article/view/1821

Antiarthritic Activity of Pergularia daemia [Forsk] Leaf Extracts on Experimental Animals | Chapter 5 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7

 Pergularia daemia [Forsk] has been used in traditional medicine for a long time. The primary goal of this study is to assess the anti-rheumatic activity of Pergularia daemia [Forsk] leaf. Methods: Freund's complete adjuvant model was used to assess the anti-arthritic activity of petroleum ether and methanol extracts of Pergularia daemia [Forsk] leaf. Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis of a petroleum ether extract of Pergularia daemia [Forsk] leaf shows the presence of steroids, terpenoids, and sterols, whereas a methanolic extract of Pergularia daemia [Forsk] leaf shows the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and tannins. as well as a phenolic component The petroleum ether extract [300 mg/kg] demonstrates. The methanolic extract was discovered to be more potent than the petroleum ether extract. The results show that the petroleum ether and methanol extracts contain phytochemical constituents with analgesic and anti-rheumatic activity.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Sutar N. G.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kopargaon, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V7/article/view/1820

An Investigation of Thermodynamic Prehistory in the Formation of the Internal Structure of Highly Stable Ferroelectric Materials | Chapter 4 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7

 We investigated and presented our findings for the dependence of the crystalline and grain structure characteristics of the PCR-13 material (based on the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system) sintered in various ways on the regulations for its preparation. The data from the surface microfluorescence analysis of ceramic materials were provided, allowing us to state that micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (MICRO–XRF), We can trace even minor changes in the chemical composition of ceramic samples, characterize the degree of surface homogeneity reliably, and provide strict mathematical conclusions about the reproducibility of the properties of manufactured piezoelectric ceramic materials when combined with mathematical statistics. The optimal conditions for ceramics have been selected based on the obtained data, ensuring homogeneity, high-density structure, and reproducibility of the characteristics. This enables us to use the material in frequency-selective equipment with confidence. The most homogeneous (perfect) structure has been discovered to be realized using conventional ceramic technology.

Author (S) Details

Konstantin P. Andryushin
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Inna N. Andryshina
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Lidiya A. Shilkina
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Svetlana I. Dudkina
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Iliya A. Verbenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Larisa A. Reznichenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Mihail I. Mazuritskiy
Department of Physics of Nano-systems and Spectroscopy of the Physics Faculty, South Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Alexandr V. Nagaenko
Research and Design Bureau “Piezopribor”, South Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.

Ivan A. Parinov
I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences Institute, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia.

Shun-Hsyung Chang
National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Hung-Yu Wang
National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V7/article/view/1814

Study on the Sympthom of Tendinopathy of Achilles Tendon in Athletics | Chapter 3 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7

 The “Tendinitis of Achilles tendon” (TAT) or "Achilles tendon ruptures" (ATR) symptom is a very delicate problem which needs to be solved as soon as the first symptoms appear. It is necessary to conduct a correct anamnesis of the problem, to determine the diagnosis and method of treatment, as well as the introduction of controlled exercises that can contribute to a faster recovery so that the sportsman, an athlete can bring their body to its form and continue training and competition. Athletes often develop inflammation of tendons called tendinitis. This disease can affect only the tendon or tendon wrap or both at the same time. In the case of isolated inflammation of the tendon wrap, what hap-pens is swelling and thickening, which makes sliding (moving) of the tendon within its shell difficult, causing creaking or cracking (crepitation). The most common locus of inflammation of the tendon is on the back side of the lower half of the forearm and lower leg. Tendinopathy of Achilles tendon predominantly occurs in the jumpers (long jump, triple jump), javelin throwers, runners on tracks from 200m to 1500m and long-distance runners.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Ratko Pavlović
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V7/article/view/1813