Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a
neurodegenerative disorder characterized by Lewy body formation and
dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra. With the number of
diagnosed cases nearly doubling globally between the years 1990 and 2015, the
importance of finding effective therapeutic approaches in disease treatment and
prevention is paramount. Current pharmacological dopamine agonists and dopamine
replacement therapy for PD treatment have shown adverse effects including
hallucinations, cardiovascular complications, psychosis, and further
dyskinesia. The co-factor Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) serves a
vital role in cell functionality and dopaminergic neuronal replenishment, where
NAD+ depletion has been associated with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases
such as PD. Additionally, in a previous case study in a PD patient, an
intravenous (IV) NAD+ administration protocol showed a rapid and sustained
alleviation of PD-related symptoms, providing a rationale for further investigating
the positive effects of IV NAD+ through quantifiable measurements on tremors
and cognitive function associated with PD. The present case study sought to
quantitatively measure and further elaborate on similar symptom alleviation
effects found in another PD patient by directly measuring PD symptoms and
corresponding symptom changes over a 6-day treatment course of intravenously
delivered NAD+.
Methods: A 59-year-old male was diagnosed with PD four years
prior to entering an outpatient clinic for treatment, reporting to have used PD
medications with no alleviation of symptoms. The patient reported the following
PD symptoms: gait rigidity (impairment in the ability to walk fluidly),
bilateral hand tremors with a more pronounced tremor in the left hand, impaired
movement of fingers and hands, difficulty typing, and difficulty opening and
closing a fist. The patient received a specific protocol of NAD+ (called
BR+NAD) for a total of six days, with two days of 1,500 mg IV NAD+, followed by
four days of 500-750 mg IV NAD+. Tremors were recorded in the client’s dominant
right and left hands using an accelerometer and gyroscope. Researchers recorded
periodic measurements (Hz) beginning on Day 2 through the end of Day 5 with 13
total measurements, on three axes; vertical, horizontal, and
anterior-posterior. Following Day 6, the client received sublingual NAD+
tablets (300 mg, twice per day X 14 days) after finishing IV treatment.
Results: Vertical axis tremors decreased by 75.9%,
horizontal axis tremors decreased by 83.0%, and anterior-posterior axis tremors
decreased by 9.1%. The mean tremor on Day 2 was 44.5Hz, while on Day 6 was
20.6Hz, resulting in a decline of 54.7% over the 4-day span. Patient
self-report of tremors continued to decline two weeks post-BR+NAD (average
12Hz) with maintenance sublingual supplementation, and application of a
relaxation technique.
Conclusion: These data show the effectiveness and endurance
of the initial IV BR+NAD followed by sublingual tablets (300 mg, twice per day)
in maintaining the decline and alleviation of PD symptoms. Additionally, these
results substantiate previous research and case study findings, while
establishing a protocol for empirically measuring PD symptom changes of IV
NAD+.
Author(s) Details
Rutherford, L.
Springfield Wellness Center, Springfield, Louisiana, USA.
Gadol, E.
NAD Research, Inc., Springfield, Louisiana, USA.
Broom, S. L.NAD
Research, Inc., Springfield, Louisiana, USA and School of Natural and
Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychology, William Carey University, 710
William Carey Parkway, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, Mississippi, USA.
Olds, T.
Springfield Wellness Center, Springfield, Louisiana, USA and
NAD Research, Inc., Springfield, Louisiana,
USA.
Mestayer, R. F.
Springfield Wellness Center, Springfield, Louisiana, USA and
NAD Research, Inc., Springfield, Louisiana, USA.
Mestayer, P.
Springfield Wellness Center, Springfield, Louisiana, USA and
NAD Research, Inc., Springfield, Louisiana,
USA.
Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v10/1050
