Effects of Acacia Gums Enriched with Gallic Acid and Clove Oil on Physicochemical and Physiological Changes of Solanum lycopersicum during Storage | Chapter 5 | Food Science and Agriculture: Research Highlights Vol. 4

 

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an annual herbaceous crop with berries that belongs to the Solanaceae family. It produces fruits of various sizes and shapes with a smooth epicarp. It originated as wild forms in the Peru-Ecuador-Bolivia area of South America. It is among the perishable horticultural products affected by the postharvest practices during the production chain. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of acacia gums incorporated with gallic acid and clove oil on physiological and physicochemical changes in tomatoes during storage at different treatment ratios and storage conditions. Fresh tomato fruits, harvested at the ripening stage, were collected from the Iringa municipal market. Gum Arabic particles were collected from Acacia trees in the Iringa region. Whereby treatment solutions made of acacia gum incorporated with gallic Acid and clove oil in combination ratios of T1 (0:0:100), T2 (0.5:0.5:100), T3 (1.0:1.0:98), and T4 (1.5:1.5:97) as gallic acid, clove oil, and acacia gum solution, respectively, were used as organic coatings to preserve tomatoes. Samples of 120 coated tomatoes per treatment were then left to dry at ambient temperature, followed by storage at ambient, in the cold room (16°C), and in a refrigerator (8°C) for observation for 35 days of the experiment. The Diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical degradation method was used to estimate the antioxidant activity. The firmness of all fruit samples was measured with a fruit Texture analyser Brookfield model CT3 10K (0-50 Kgf). All the data were interpreted by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan’s multiple-range test using the SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics version 26) software package for expressing the statistical significance. From the results, it was observed that the antioxidant activity percentage was increased from a value of 19.66±0.000 % to 42.77±5.436 % on average within the initial 14 days of storage; thereafter, it started decreasing. Meanwhile, the firmness of the tomatoes was maintained until 28 days of storage, after which it started changing due to respiration. Treatment T3 (1.0:1.0:98) performed well in maintaining the firmness of tomato fruits in all storage conditions compared to treatments T1 (0:0:100), T2 (0.5:0.5:98), and T4 (1.5:1.5:97), with an average maximum firmness of T3 (0.24±0.00 N/mm), T1 (0.17±0.00 N/mm), T2 (0.20 ±0.00N/mm), and T4 (0.21±0.00 N/mm), respectively. This indicates the best quality attribute towards the marketability for preserving the shape and size of the tomato fruits when it comes to shelf life and customer perception. The study concluded that post-harvest treatments containing a mixture of Acacia gum, gallic acid, and clove oil indicated significant effectiveness in preserving the quality of tomato fruits compared to a solution of only acacia gum in all storage conditions.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Isaka Gerald Barongereje
Department of Food Science and Agro-Processing, School of Engineering and Technology, The Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3000, Chuo Kikuu Morogoro, Tanzania.

 

V.C.K Silayo
Department of Food Science and Agro-Processing, School of Engineering and Technology, The Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3000, Chuo Kikuu Morogoro, Tanzania.

 

Rashid A. Suleiman
Department of Food Science and Agro-Processing, School of Engineering and Technology, The Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3000, Chuo Kikuu Morogoro, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/fsarh/v4/6260

Investigation and Comparative Study of Two Methods of Solar Dryer and Sun Drying for Drying Tomato Slices| Chapter 3 | Science and Technology: Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 12

This study applied a novel direct solar dryer method for tomato slices, using a box-shaped dryer with three trays, a transparent glass cover as a solar collector, and a blower. The performance and product quality of the solar dryer and sun drying methods were compared. Tomato slices underwent sorting, bleaching, drying, and packaging, becoming ready for commercialization. The tomato slices dried until the final moisture content reached 25–50% (w.b) from an initial moisture content of 90% (w.b). The solar dryer achieved the highest average drying rate of 0.644 g/min on the first tray and a drying efficiency of 25.09%, with total energy consumption of 193.85 kJ/kg and 0.0111 kg/kJ for specific energy consumption (SEC) and specific moisture extraction rate (SMER), respectively. Quality assessments included color, texture, vitamin C content, and SEM testing. Dried tomato slices turned significantly browner compared to fresh ones, had different texture attributes from sun-drying-dried slices, experienced vitamin C degradation due to high temperatures, and showed brittle walls due to moisture loss, as indicated by SEM testing.

 

Author (s) Details

Suherman Suherman
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, 50275, Indonesia.

 

Muhammad Anas Asy Syaqiq
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, 50275, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v12/1673

 

Determining the Effect of Natural Silica to Alleviate Salinity Stress of Tomatoes (Lycopersicum escullentum Mill.) on Entisol | Chapter 4 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1

This phase primarily focuses on the effect of silica fertilizer (Si), seasoning stress and their interactions on the country characteristics of attractive woman plants on Entisol soil. High salinity leads to a decrease in plant development, biomass, yield, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency as salinity stress otherwise impacts the semantic, biochemical, and physiological processes of plants. Attractive woman is one of ultimate common and widely wasted vegetable crops in the realm. This research was conducted in ex-farm screen families, Agronomy and Gardening laboratories, and Soil Skill laboratories, Skill of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedinnan Academy from January 2020 to April 2020. The experiment employed factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) wid1 2 determinants experiments that is level of conductivity, that is to say KO= 0 ds/m / pot, KI = 1 ds/m / marijuana, K2 = 2 ds/m/ pot, and K3 = 3 ds/m/marijuana, and doses of Si fertilizer, namely SO= 0 g/marijuana, SI = Sg/pot, S2 = 10 g/cauldron, and S3 = 15 g/pot. Skilled are 16 treatment blends with 3 replications, in total 48 exploratory unit were secondhand. The variables noticed were plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, blooming age, 1 number of flowers, number offmits, fruit burden, and fruit book. Tomato blooms manifolded when Si fertilizer was used. Tomato plant altitude and weight were reduced by salinity stress. The quantity of leaves and blooms is affected by the merger of salt stress and silica manure (Si). The maximal number of leaves was at the dose of KCl 1 ds/m/plant and silica fertilizer 5 g/plant, while the capital number of flowers was at the dose of KCl 3 ds.lm.lplant and silica manure 10 g/plant. The application of Si manure causes the plant to maintain the number of flowers. Si used to plants has an effect on increasing the photosynthetic competency. This has a positive equivalence with progress rates such as the number of creative branches and the number of flowers.

Author(s) Details:

Kharisun,
Agriculture Faculty, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java, Indonesia.

S. R. Suparto,
Agriculture Faculty, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java, Indonesia.

R. Noorhidayah,
Agriculture Faculty, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java, Indonesia.

C. M. Astuti,
Agriculture Faculty, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACAS-V1/article/view/12938