Assessment and Commissioning of Electrical Substation Grid Testbed with a Real-Time Simulator and Protective Relays/Power Meters in the Loop | Chapter 5| Science and Technology: Developments and Applications Vol. 10

Electrical utility substations are wired with intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), such as protective relays, power meters, and communication switches. Substation engineers commission these IEDs to assess the appropriate measurements for monitoring, control, power system protection, and communication applications. Like real electrical utility substations, complex electrical substation grid testbeds (ESGTs) need to be assessed for measuring current and voltage signals in monitoring, power system protection, control (synchro check), and communication applications that are limited by small-measurement percentage errors. In the process of setting an ESGT with real-time simulators and IEDs in the loop, protective relays, power meters, and communication devices must be commissioned before running experiments. In this study, an ESGT with IEDs and distributed ledger technology was developed. The ESGT with a real-time simulator and IEDs in the loop was satisfactorily assessed and commissioned. The commissioning and problem-solving tasks of the testbed are described to define a method with flowcharts to assess possible troubleshooting in ESGTs. This method was based on comparing the simulations versus IED measurements for the phase current and voltage magnitudes, three-phase phasor diagrams, breaker states, protective relay times with selectivity coordination at electrical faults, communication data points, and time-stamp sources.

 

Author (s) Details

Emilio C. Piesciorovsky
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

 

Raymond Borges Hink
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

 

Aaron Werth
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Cyber Resilience and Intelligence Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

 

Gary Hahn

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

 

Annabelle Lee
Nevermore Security LLC, 31256 Stone Canyon Rd, Evergreen, CO 80439, USA.

 

Yarom Polsky
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Manufacturing Science Division, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.

 

Please see the book here:-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/stda/v10/5201

Medium-Voltage Testbed for Comparing Advanced Power Line Sensors vs. Measurement Transformers with Electrical Grid Events | Chapter 1 | Engineering Research: Perspectives on Recent Advances Vol. 5

Electrical utilities have relied upon potential transformers (PTs) and current transformers (CTs) for very accurate metering and to provide reliable signals for protective relays. These devices measure phase voltages and currents and are commissioned by electrical engineers. PTs/CTs can detect and react to various electrical anomalies that could adversely affect electrical grid operations. Less expensive alternative sensing technologies offer the possibility of wider deployment, particularly in grids that employ distributed energy resources. In this work, the performance of an advanced medium-voltage sensor is compared with that of a reference PT and a CT and experimentally evaluated for different power grid scenarios on an advanced outdoor power line sensor testbed at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The sensor is based on a capacitive divider for voltage monitoring and a Rogowski coil with an integrator for current monitoring. This study simulated a power grid model based on a utility circuit at the Riverside EPB of Chattanooga. The simulation circuit was created with MATLAB/Simulink software and was integrated into an RT-LAB project to run with the OP4510 real-time simulator at the OPLST. During the tests, the real-time simulations were run for 40 s, and the signal to record the test event with the power meter was set at 30 s for the event-trigger circuit. The advanced outdoor power line sensor testbed has a real-time simulator that is used to generate transient scenarios (e.g., electrical faults, capacitor bank operation, and service restoration), while the analog signals are recorded by the same high-resolution power meter. The behaviors of analog signals, harmonic components, total harmonic distortion, and crest factors are assessed for this power line sensor and compared with those of the reference PT/CT because of the absence  of testing standards for advanced outdoor power line sensors. The results showed that this OPLS technology responded identically to the PT and CT under all conditions.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Emilio C. Piesciorovsky
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

 

R. J. BruceWarmack
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

 

Yarom Polsky
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Manufacturing Science Division, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/erpra/v5/4054