Determinants and Patterns of Antenatal Care Utilizations among Women in Thiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu: An Analytical Study |Chapter 8 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 

Timely utilisation of antenatal care (ANC) remains critical for reducing maternal mortality, yet considerable disparities in ANC access persist due to multifaceted socio-economic and health system determinants. The present study aims to (1) identify and quantify the socio-economic, demographic, psychological, and infrastructural determinants influencing ANC utilisation among women in Thiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu; (2) examine the principal barriers to accessing ANC; and (3) analyse district-level trends in childbirth and infant mortality. Data were obtained from 2,101 pregnant women aged 17–36 years who received care at 42 Primary Health Centres and 9 Government General Hospitals. Utilizing structured questionnaires and robust statistical analysis—including stratified random sampling and multiple regression techniques—the study assessed key factors associated with ANC uptake. The results demonstrate that maternal age, age at marriage, family size, educational attainment, health status, and proximity to health care facilities are statistically significant predictors of ANC use. In contrast, household income was not a statistically significant predictor of ANC utilization (p=0.060), indicating that the widespread availability of free public health services likely mitigates direct financial barriers. The findings also establish that Primary Health Centres serve as the predominant sources of ANC, with institutional deliveries prevailing across the district. Despite these positive trends, the research reveals ongoing geographic disparities in infant mortality rates. Collectively, the results underscore that demographic and infrastructural variables substantially shape patterns of ANC utilisation. The study thus highlights the necessity of targeted interventions, especially those aimed at educational advancement, improved accessibility, and service delivery improvements, to address enduring inequities faced by socioeconomically or geographically marginalised women.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Vadivel Sivalingam
Postgraduate and Research Department of Geography, Thanthai Periyar Government Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli – 620023, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Anandan Rethinam
The Government of Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Mayakannan Ayyanar
Department of Geography, Government Arts College for Women, Nilakottai, 624208, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Sankar Karuppaiyan
Postgraduate and Research Department of Geography, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam – 612001, Tamil Nadu, India. India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v7/6585

Morale and Job Satisfaction Levels among Teachers in Tanzania: A Case of Selected Public Secondary Schools in the Northern Zone | Chapter 5 | Selected Topics in Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 2

 A case study was conducted on the role of extrinsic factors (hygiene factors) and socio-demographic factors in determining morale and job satisfaction among teachers in Tanzanian public secondary schools. Biographical variables such as teachers' age, gender, marital status, and work experience were investigated to see if they had any effect on their level of morale and job satisfaction. Different human resource and management researchers have interpreted morale and job satisfaction differently. The study used a variety of data collection methods, including an interview guide, questionnaires, and a documentary review checklist. The study discovered that job satisfaction among teachers in public secondary schools in northern Tanzania was not uniform; socioeconomic and demographic factors played a significant role in varying morale and job satisfaction levels. As an example, Female teachers' job satisfaction was statistically significant (t(84) =2.62, p = 0.04), as was young teachers' (below 40 years) job satisfaction (t(84) = -2.22, p = 0.01). However, age and work experience had a significant impact on teachers' job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The study concludes that socioeconomic and demographic factors have potential strength in designing and maintaining a job satisfaction model that accounts for morale and job satisfaction challenges among teachers in Tanzanian public secondary schools. The motivators and hygiene factors were found to have a significant impact on job satisfaction among teachers in Tanzania.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Ombeni W. Msuya
Leadership, Human Resource and Administration, College of Education, University of Dodoma, Tanzania.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/STHSS-V2/article/view/1804