Influence of Orchiectomy on Sex-Specific Responses to Aristolochic Acid-Induced Renal Injury | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 7

Aristolochic acid (AA) is widely recognized for its nephrotoxic effects; however, the role of sex in AA-induced renal injury remains ambiguous. The present investigation aimed to elucidate the sex-based disparities in renal dysfunction and tubular damage resulting from AA exposure. Male and female murine models underwent bilateral orchiectomy and ovariectomy, respectively. Fourteen days post-gonadectomy, the subjects were administered AA (10 mg/kg body weight/day) via intraperitoneal injection for two consecutive days, followed by euthanasia seven days subsequent to the initial injection. Parameters such as body weight, renal functionality, and tubular morphology were meticulously evaluated. A comparative analysis between male and female non-gonadectomized subjects revealed that the weight reduction induced by AA was significantly more pronounced in male mice (H = 20.041, dF = 3, P ≤ 0.001, as determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test). Additionally, functional and structural impairments in male kidneys were significantly exacerbated following AA administration, whereas the kidneys of AA-treated female mice exhibited either negligible or mild injuries (F = 83.618, P < 0.001 on plasma creatinine level; F = 3971.979, P < 0.001 on tubular injury score in the cortex, as determined by the analysis of variance). Ovariectomy did not influence AA-induced nephrotoxic acute kidney injury in the female cohort (F = 0.0955, P = 0.760 on body weight change; F = 0.211, P = 0.651 on plasma creatinine level; F = 2.985, P = 0.099 on tubular injury score in the cortex, as determined by the analysis of variance). In contrast, orchiectomy resulted in a significant attenuation of weight loss, renal dysfunction, and tubular damage in the context of AA-induced nephrotoxicity among male mice (F = 8.541, P = 0.008 on body weight change; F = 8.892, P = 0.007 on plasma creatinine level, as determined by the analysis of variance; H = 19.767, dF = 3, P ≤ 0.001 on tubular injury score in the cortex, as determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test). This research has conclusively established that the presence of testes contributes to the development of AA-induced nephrotoxic acute kidney injury. Future studies should investigate the molecular mechanisms by which gonadal hormones, such as androgens and estrogens, modulate AA-induced nephrotoxicity. Additionally, researchers should explore sex-specific therapeutic strategies, which may pave the way for translating these findings into clinical trials.

 

Author (s) Details

Jinu Kim
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v7/2859

 

Prevalence of Amoebic Liver Abscess (ALA) for IgG Anti-body Titers among Patients in Bangui, Central African Republic | Chapter 5 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

This member determines the predominance of ALA and the titer of IgG anti amoebic in inmates suspected accompanying ALA in Bangui. In addition, we also analyzed the results concerning the sex age of the things and other risk determinants. The diagnosis of amebic liver abscess is occasionally difficult because its clinical exhibitions are highly changeable. In areas of endemicity, amebic liver swelling should always be doubtful in a patient with turmoil, weight loss, and right superior quadrant intestinal pain and tenderness.A cross localized study was performed whereby all dispassionate or suspected ALA victims’ who were admitted to the National Laboratory middle from two points January 2018 - October 2020. The diagnosis of ALA was doubtful based on clinical syndromes of; fever, intestinal pain (usually in the right hypochondrium or large stomach) and clinical signs of hepatomegaly and/or tender liver accompanying or without jaundice and intestinal ultra-sonography. The higher antitoxin titer response against in ALA subjects could be exhibitive of a more intense engagement of the invulnerable system accompanying the pathogen in the liver during obtrusive disease. ALA inmates’ IgG antibody titers were calculated by Indirect Hemmaglutination Assay and Chi-square test was used. A total of 1249 ALA patients were contained, among whom 570 (45.64%) were definite. Of these, 244 (42.08%) had titer 1:160 or less, 223 patients’ (39.13%) had titer ranging from 1:320 to 1:640 and 103 sufferers (18.07%) had strong titer grazing from 1:1280 to 1:2560. The association betwixt antibody titer results, age and sex was no meaningful (p = 1.0000). Our findings display a high prevalence of ALA and show no meaningful difference 'tween the sex and age ALA subjects. Sex dependent differences resistance and resistance to many contaminations in particular amoebiasis disease enhance unquestionably an growing field of interest.

 Author(s) Details:

Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei,

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR).

Edwige Régina Kodia-Lenguetama,

National Center of Blood Donors’, Ministry of Public Health, Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR).

Junior Nguerenam-Ouefio,

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR).

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V3/article/view/11238

Assessment of Femoral Head Coverage in Healthy Children Younger than 6 Years Old | Chapter 7 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 This affiliate aims to assess the femoral head inclusion in healthy children more immature than 6 years. This study contained 270 hip joint CTscans, and digital pelvic models were forged according to these scans. FH inclusion by the five acetabular domains was assessed according to patient’s age and sexuality. It was found that the development process of different acetabular regions happens nonlinearly with the periods of spurring. Examining sex alternatives in the FH coverage, it was discovered that male offsprings had more extensive superior-beginning covering while female children had posterior inclusion.

Author(s) Details:

Suvorov Vasyl,
Department of Joint Diseases in Children and Adolescents, SI, The Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics by Nams of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Filipchuk Viktor,
Department of Joint Diseases in Children and Adolescents, SI, The Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics by Nams of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Zyablovskyi Evhen,
The Center of Radiology, Department of Radiation and Radionuclide Diagnostics, National Specialised Hospital “OHMATDYT”, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V2/article/view/9958