Investigation of the Sound Absorption Performance of Cellulosic Fine Fibres Fabricated from Agricultural Waste Fibres |Chapter 2 | Agricultural Sciences: Techniques and Innovations Vol. 3

Noise pollution today has caused several detrimental effects on the population, affecting both the health and behaviour of individuals. The advancement of controlling noise by sound absorption offers an excellent opportunity to study the acoustic attenuation technique of various natural porous materials. Hence, there is a growing interest in developing new materials that enhance the optimal utilisation of natural resources, particularly renewable resources. This paper presents a new study on agro-waste-based fine fibre for acoustic application prepared by enzymatic treatment and mechanical hammering. The main objective of this study was to determine the sound absorption characteristics of the acoustic material of fine cellulose fibres. Enset fine fibre (ENF), Banana fine fibre (BNF), Jute fine fibre (JNF), and Sisal fine fibre (SNF) were fabricated by defibrillation of finer fibres from the surface of neat mats (fabrics) into micro and fine-scale fibres with the help of enzymatic treatment (alpha-amylase) and then mechanical hammering. The study was conducted using the impedance tube method, and the sound absorption properties of lignocellulosic micro and fine fibres in a frequency range of 500 to 5500 Hz were studied by changing the thickness. The experimental results revealed that the sound absorption coefficient of ENF started near 0.01 at 1000 Hz and tended to increase at a slower rate up to 2700 Hz. It reached around 0.3 at 3000 Hz and 0.69 at 3800 Hz. Similarly, the sound absorption coefficient of BNF started near 0.05 at 1000 Hz and tended to increase rapidly up to around 2250 Hz. It reached around 0.54 at 2300 Hz up to 4000 Hz. Nevertheless, the sound absorption coefficient of ENF and SNF increased slowly with increasing frequency. The SEM image showed that ENF, JNF, and SNF had more of a porous space and void region than BNF. Due to this, BNF had a lower sound transmission loss value than other fine-fibrous materials. The experimental results also revealed that excessive water would increase the porosity of homemade fine fibres, therefore lowering their airflow resistivity of fine fibrous, thereby decreasing sound absorption and dramatically increasing sound transmission loss.

 

Author(s) Details

Alhayat G. TEMESGEN
Wollo University, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Kombolcha, Ethiopia and Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.

 

H.Cebulla
Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.

 

J. Kaufmann
Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/asti/v3/5262

Deforestation and Applicable Related Act in India| Chapter 5 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 1

 Forests are a valuable instinctive gift to guy, or rather to living beings. Forests, that include seedlings, shrubs, herbs, grass, and added plants, have a climate-controlling effect because they help to uphold ecological balance. They balance the environment, increase soil fertility, forestall soil erosion, and advance perennial stream flow in rain-augment rivers. They provide sanctuary for untamed animals, maintain gene pools, and save tribal nation. The trees in the wood draw water from the earth's bowls and release it into the air via transpiration, that is returned to the air via abridgment of clouds formed from climatic moisture. As a result, jungles aid in the completion of the era. These are in charge of purifying the air by delivering oxygen into the atmosphere via the photosynthesis process. As a result, it is correct to state that skilled is a balance between ground, air, water, soil, and plant. Forests hold up the ridges, cushion the rains and they discipline the waterways and control the floods. They are beneficial two together directly and obliquely. They directly supply forest, timber, fuel, medicines, and products with marketing and industrial profit such as information, print, rayon, bidi leaves, gums, resins, charcoal, thus. They also support people accompanying work. Forests indirectly preserve the material features of land, avert soil erosion, check floods, help streams flow perennially, and thus aid farming. The most important effect that woods have on our surroundings is that they protect it through green and shady vegetation and wildlife. To defend the environment, it is detracting to manage the protection of forests from clear-cutting. During the last century, thickets have been cut at rates superior in the world and they are disappearing at an disquieting rate. According to some estimates, India's plants covers over 19% of the country's total geographical field, well above the recommended 33% and over 40% everywhere. Thus, there is largely less vegetative cover than should. The debate above clearly shows that Indians had a education of guarding and maintaining the woods, and that it was the responsibility of both people as political whole and the rulers commotion so. India also had a civilization of worshiping nature fully its glory.

Author(s) Details:

S. Kanthimathinathan,
ITI Limited, Government of India Undertaking, N.S.Unit, Dooravani nagar, Bangalore-560016, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V1/article/view/8945

Research on Degradation and Sustainable Practices for Forest Resources in Plateau State, Nigeria | Chapter 13 | New Perspectives in Agriculture and Crop Science Vol. 2

Aims: The study was carried out to determine the causes of degradation and sustainable practices for forest and its resources in Plateau state of Nigeria. Study Design: Descriptive survey research design. Place and Duration of Study: Kanke, Langtang, Quan Pan, Shendam and Wase Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Plateau State, between July 2013 and April 2014. Methodology: The study was guided by two research questions while the population was made up of local forest users. Stratified random sampling method was used to obtain a sample size of 500 local forest users. The instruments for data collection were a structured questionnaire and a structured interview guide. The reliability of the questionnaire instrument was established using Cronbach alpha technique and a co-efficient of 0.81 was obtained. Frequency and simple percentage were used to answer the research questions and to interpret the results.  Results: The study found 8 out of 12 causes of degradation and 13 out 14 adoptable sustainable practices for forest and its resources in the study area. Conclusion: The implementation of the identified sustainable practices for forest and its resources in Plateau state is necessary to help save and improve on the remnant forest in the state.

Author (s) Details

M. E. Ikehi
Department of Agricultural Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. 

View Book: -  http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/172