Influence of Wild Solanum Rootstocks on Growth Performance, Yield Attributes and Nutrient Efficiency in Grafted Brinjal| Chapter 8 | Food Science and Agriculture: Research Highlights Vol. 5

 

Grafting serves as a powerful tool to improve productivity, resilience, and quality in vegetable crops, making it an important practice for sustainable horticulture. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of wild rootstocks on growth, yield, quality and nutrient uptake in grafted brinjal. The present investigation was conducted at Dr YSRHU-College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, Andhra Pradesh, during the year 2022-24. Data was recorded on various parameters and statistically analysed. The experimental design followed was a randomised block design with four treatments, which were replicated five times. Grafted plants of brinjal exhibited superior plant height, number of branches, leaves and leaf chlorophyll content at various stages (30, 60, 90, and 120 DAT). Brinjal on S. torvum (T1) showed the best performance, followed by S. gilo (T2) and S. indicum (T3). Grafted plants also flowered earlier with more flowers per plant. Grafted brinjal on S. torvum (T1) recorded the highest fruit length, diameter, girth, and average fruit weight, resulting in the maximum number of fruits per plant and the highest overall yield. S. gilo (T2) and S. indicum (T3). Also performed well, closely following S. torvum. While total soluble solids (TSS) showed no significant difference, brinjal grafted on S. gilo had the highest ascorbic acid and total sugar content. Fruit firmness was also highest in S. gilo, with S. indicum showing the highest titrable acidity. Grafting brinjal onto S. torvum, S. gilo, and S. indicum significantly enhanced nutrient uptake efficiency, with S. torvum being the most effective rootstock for improving nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium absorption. Grafting significantly improved nutrient efficiency and productivity, highlighting its potential for sustainable vegetable cultivation.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Reshma A
Dr.YSRHU-College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, Annamayya Dist, AP, India.

 

Sadarunnisa Syed
Dr.YSRHU-College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, Annamayya Dist, AP, India.

 

Syamsundar Reddy P
Dr.YSRHU-College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, Annamayya Dist, AP, India.

 

Tanuja Priya B
Dr. YSRHU- Horticultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur, AP, India.

 

Naga Madhuri K.V
ANGRAU-Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati, AP, India.

 

Padmaja V.V
Dr.YSRHU-College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, Annamayya Dist, AP, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/fsarh/v5/6973

 

A Review: Influence of Symbiotic Fungus Serendipita indica on Plant Growth and Yield in Cereal Crop under Abiotic Stress | Chapter 5 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 4

 

Serendipita indica is a cultivable endophyte that holds a broad host spectrum and possesses exceptional multifunctional capabilities to promote plant performance by enhancing growth, protection and stress tolerance. S. indica confers resistance to heavy metals, toxins and pathogens, it acts as a biopesticide, bioprotectant and biofertilizer by enhancing secondary metabolite production which results in early seed germination and flowering. This easily cultivable fungus shows beneficial plant-microbe interaction and acts as a powerful tool in improving plant growth by combatting environmental stresses. Symbiotic association of S. indica, with cereal crops helps plants to develop a variety of defence mechanisms by causing major morphological and physiological changes which promote plant growth and confers resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Heavy metal, drought, and salinity stress are among the severe environmental constraints to our modern agriculture which badly affect crop productivity in terms of growth and yield. To deal with such abiotic stress, this fungus helps plants to undergo host-specific modulations including gene alteration, activation of antioxidant activities, changes in photosynthetic activities, formation of rhizosheath, etc. for an enhancement in yield and growth of the plant. The current study exploited the effectiveness of S. indica against abiotic stress to ameliorate tolerance in plants.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ayushi Chauhan

Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201303, India.

Manpreet Kaur Attri

Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201303, India.

Monika Gupta

Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201303, India.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v4/731

A Review: Influence of Symbiotic Fungus Serendipita indica on Plant Growth and Yield in Cereal Crop under Abiotic Stress | Chapter 5 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 4

 

Serendipita indica is a cultivable endophyte that holds a broad host spectrum and possesses exceptional multifunctional capabilities to promote plant performance by enhancing growth, protection and stress tolerance. S. indica confers resistance to heavy metals, toxins and pathogens, it acts as a biopesticide, bioprotectant and biofertilizer by enhancing secondary metabolite production which results in early seed germination and flowering. This easily cultivable fungus shows beneficial plant-microbe interaction and acts as a powerful tool in improving plant growth by combatting environmental stresses. Symbiotic association of S. indica, with cereal crops helps plants to develop a variety of defence mechanisms by causing major morphological and physiological changes which promote plant growth and confers resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Heavy metal, drought, and salinity stress are among the severe environmental constraints to our modern agriculture which badly affect crop productivity in terms of growth and yield. To deal with such abiotic stress, this fungus helps plants to undergo host-specific modulations including gene alteration, activation of antioxidant activities, changes in photosynthetic activities, formation of rhizosheath, etc. for an enhancement in yield and growth of the plant. The current study exploited the effectiveness of S. indica against abiotic stress to ameliorate tolerance in plants.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ayushi Chauhan

Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201303, India.

Manpreet Kaur Attri

Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201303, India.

Monika Gupta

Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201303, India.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v4/731

Role of Endophytes in Crop Production | Chapter 6 | Microbiology and Biotechnology Research: An Overview Vol. 3

 

Endophytes, typically fungal or bacterial microbes residing within plant tissues without causing disease, hold promise for revolutionising crop production. The plant–endophyte relationship is a mutualistic symbiosis, characterised by endophytes residing within plant tissues without causing harm. Endophytes enhance host plant survival against biotic and abiotic challenges by directly improving nutrient uptake and modulating plant hormones. Indirectly, they contribute to plant health by deterring pathogens with antibiotics and enzymes, reducing nutrient availability for pathogens and activating defence mechanisms. This review delves into their diverse mechanisms, offering sustainable alternatives to chemical interventions. Understanding their role in stress alleviation is crucial for advancing agricultural practices and ensuring global food security. Crop production is the foundation of global food security, and ensuring that there is enough food to feed the ever-growing global population is necessary. Currently, it has been estimated that approximately. 20% of the total cultivable land faces saline stress globally, and this will reach 30% by 2050.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sneha Mistry
Department of Microbiology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand-388110, Gujarat, India.

 

Jalpa J. Dand
Department of Microbiology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand-388110, Gujarat, India.

 

Manisha Shinde
Department of Microbiology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand-388110, Gujarat, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mbrao/v3/5499

Determining the Effects of Silicon Content in Rice Husk Biochar of Southern Taiwan on the Germination of Corn Seeds (Zea mays L.) | Chapter 5 | New Visions in Science and Technology Vol. 10

 To our knowledge, there haven't been many studies on this topic in Southern Taiwan, where rice residues from farm areas offer a lot of potential. Farmers are unaware that simply adding a source of accessible silicon to the soil, they can improve crop production and increase stress and disease tolerance. Despite this, there are few publications on the Si effect of rice husk biochar on plant seed germination. In line with the foregoing, the goal of this research is to see how biochar made from pyrolyzed rice husks affects corn (Zea mays L.) seed germination and plant growth. The objective of such rice wastes is to make biochar out of them. The features of rice husk biochar were investigated in Pingtung County, using various types of combustion and temperatures in the process, as well as the impacts on corn (Zea mays L.) seed germination. Seven (7) different treatments were used in the experiment, including rice husk, rice husk biochar, and chemical fertiliser. To balance the quantities of rice husk biochar that may be integrated into clayey soils, the biochar treatments employed a 50/50 blend of biochar and soil. The impact of biochar on corn growth was investigated. Silicon content in rice husk biochar inhibited seed germination linearly, according to the findings. Silicon was found to be considerably damaging to corn seed germination in this study when Si concentration in rice husk biochar was more than 25 to 30 wt%, indicating that rising levels of silicic acid and amounts of the amendment exceeding 8-10 tonnes per hectare can impair germination rates. The apparent reduction in the total available amounts of heavy metals in bottom ash is the most encouraging consequence, implying that using binary mixes in plant formation is safe.

Author(S) Details

O. V. Milla
Soluciones Carbono Negativo, El Salvador, San Salvador, Central America.

C. C. Chien
Department of Eco-System Technology, Industrial Technology Research Institute of Tainan, Taiwan.

W. J. Huang
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVST-V10/article/view/4886