A Case Study on Fish Farming - A Boon to Enhance Farmer’s Income and Employment Generation in Saline and Sodic Soil | Chapter 8 | Research Aspects in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 4

 Fish farming on saline-sodic soil is crucial for human nutrition as well as the country's rural economy. A thorough ecological strategy and the development of new systems are required for the management of water-logged saline and sodic soil. Fish farming is thriving in salty and sodic areas, and it is a lucrative business for farmers. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of fish farming on farmer income and employment in saline and sodic soils. Mr.R.Fedrick Nickson is a progressive farmer who has adopted inland fish farming for a sustainable livelihood under sodic soil. He began fish farming on a small scale (0.2 ha) in 1993 with the technical assistance of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tiruchirappalli, and has since grown into a successful producer of high-quality fish. He became motivated, and on average, he harvested 2 t/ha/year of fish, which is a far higher yield. From 2014 forward, he established a fingerlings production operation on an area of 0.8 ha, harvesting 2 lakh no./year/ha. Mr.R.Fedrick Nickson earns a net annual revenue of Rs.2 lakh/ha/year from the sale of fish and quality fingerlings, according to the scientific validation of the study. As a result, he creates an additional 1099 man-days of employment per year. Furthermore, he is encouraging interested farmers (200 rural kids) to start fish farming on their own farms through training, so that the farming community can benefit in both normal and sodic soil. The current study found that the benefit-cost ratio (2.0:1) of fish farming was significantly higher than that of agriculture (1.6:1), and that it has the potential to boost the Indian economy, which is a critical need today, as well as serve as an environmentally friendly venture for rural populations in saline and sodic areas.

Author(S) Details

V. Dhanushkodi
ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tirchirappalli -639 115, Tamil Nadu, India.

Noorjehan A. K. A. Hanif
ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Villupuram -604 002, Tamil Nadu, India.

G. Anand
ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tirchirappalli -639 115, Tamil Nadu, India.

N. Tamilselvan
ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tirchirappalli -639 115, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Review: Early Detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in Pigs Using Tracheo-bronchial Swab Sampling under Field Conditions | Chapter 7 | Research Aspects in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 4

 TBS sampling (tracheobronchial swab) is a fast, accurate, and animal-friendly method of diagnosing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in the respiratory system (M. hyopneumoniae). This study covers a wide range of M. hyopneumoniae diagnostic procedures, including clinical symptoms, necropsy, microscopy, and pathogen detection using immunohistochemistry, culture, and PCR. Following that, TBS for the early detection of M. hyopneumoniae in pigs with clinical symptoms of respiratory distress from 2 weeks of age onwards is presented, along with its development, validation, and obtained findings. The TBS approach can detect an epidemic of clinical disease caused by M. hyopneumoniae at an early stage, in addition to early detection related to age category. Future prospects for TBS use in diagnostic ideas, epidemiology, and gilt adaptation processes are also highlighted.

Author(S) Details

F. Vangroenweghe
Elanco Benelux, BU Food Animals, Plantijn en Moretuslei 1A, 2018 Antwerpen, Belgium and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Obstretics-Reproduction-Herd Health, Ghent University, Unit of Porcine Health Management, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.

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Investigating the Effects of Two Different Diets on Carcass and Meat Quality Traits of Chato Murciano Pigs | chapter 9 | Research Aspects in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 2

 To test the effects of two diets, 40 castrated male pigs of the Spanish autochthonous Chato Murciano breed were utilised. Twenty pigs were fed a high protein/low fat (HP/LF) diet and slaughtered at 125.03 kg LW. The remaining 20 pigs were fed an LP/HF diet and slaughtered at 121.91 kg LW. The effects of diet on carcass and meat quality parameters were studied. Meat samples were collected using the Longissimus lumbar (Ll) muscle. The HP/LF diet resulted in a faster growth rate and more daily weight increase, as well as higher values of ultimate pH (pHu), colour parameters, and Ca, Mg, Zn, K, and Na content in the Longissimus lumbar muscle. Fe and Cu levels were greater on the LP/HF diet. There was a substantial difference in Ll muscle intramuscular fat (IMF) levels, with values of 3.21 percent in the HP/LF group and 11.00 percent in the LP/HF group; however, no variations in dorsal fat thickness measurements were observed. The IMF fatty acid compositions for the HP/LF and LP/HF groups, respectively, were 42.43 and 42.29 percent saturated fatty acids (SFA), 50.34 and 51.35 percent monounsaturated (MUFA), and 7.20 and 6.24 percent polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), with only statistically significant differences in MUFA levels (P 0.05). The goal of this study was to see how two alternative diets (high protein-low fat vs. low protein-high fat) affected carcass and morphometric parameters, meat quality, and mineral and fatty acid composition in Chato Murciano pure pigs. 

Author (S) Details

Begoña Peinado

Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Alimentary Research and Development, Murcia, Spain.

Laura Almela

Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Alimentary Research and Development, Murcia, Spain.

Nelson Duchi

Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Alimentary Research and Development, Murcia, Spain.

Angel Poto

Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Alimentary Research and Development, Murcia, Spain.

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Leptospirosis in Pigs: A Silent Economic Drawback in Piggery Industry | Chapter 2 | Research Aspects in Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences Vol. 1

 The epidemiology of Leptospirosis in pigs is discussed in this chapter. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic illness spread over the world caused by the genus Leptospira. The disease is endemic to tropical areas and affects both wild and domestic animals, as well as humans. Pigs from intensively confined, free-range, and feral environments can become infected if they come into direct or indirect contact with infected reservoir host animal urine. Leptospirosis in pigs manifests itself in a variety of ways, ranging from asymptomatic to chronic, depending on the infecting serovar and the age of the animals. Pig productivity loss is linked to chronic manifestations such as placentitis, abortions, stillbirths, infertility, and poor neonatal pigs. Culture, molecular technique, and serology are among the laboratory tests used to diagnose leptospirosis. Tetracyclines, dihydrostreptomycin, streptomycin, doxycycline, and erythromycin are examples of antibiotics that can be used to treat the condition. Vaccination, water sanitation, rodent control, and farm hygiene are all leptospirosis control measures.

Author (s) Details

Machunda Ndazi
Department of Biosciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Beda John Mwang’onde
Department of Biosciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.

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