Identifying New Species of Cassava Mosaic Begomovirus and Ageratum Leaf Curl Cameroon Virus on Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Togo | Chapter 1| Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 7

 

The most damaging and economically important diseases of crops, especially in tropical and subtropical regions are caused by whitefly-transmitted begomoviruses. These viruses are included in the genus Begomovirus of the family Geminiviridae and are responsible for causing crop losses ranging from 30% to 100%. Cassava mosaic disease caused by the white fly transmitted begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) is a major threat to cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production, which can be intercropped with other plants such as pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). This study aims to identify cassava begomoviruses on other crops in cassava intercropping systems. Thus, foliar samples showing typical symptoms of virus diseases in cassava intercropping systems were collected from pepper and submitted to PCR analysis and direct sequencing. Total DNA was extracted from collected leaves using the DNA minipreparation method. Three begomovirus species ACMV, EACMV and ALCCMV were identified and characterized in samples. Isolates of these species shared respectively 90%, 93%, 74% and 80% nucleotide identities with begomoviruses. These findings show that cassava begomoviruses can infect other crops and will help in understanding the epidemiology related to white fly transmitted begomoviruses in cassava intercropping systems. The occurrence of new begomovirus species on pepper could lead in case of mixed infections with already known begomoviruses infecting this crop to recombinant actions. This study suggests a change in Bemisia tabaci population or its feed habit. Further investigations need to bring more information about cassava mosaic begomoviruses and their relationships with pepper.

 

Author(s) Details

 

Kodjovi Atassé Dansou Kodjo

Laboratory of Plant Virology and Biotechnology (LVBV), Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie (ESA), University of Lome, Lomé, Togo and Laboratory of Agroecology, Ecophysiology and Integrative Biology (AEB), Unit EDYSAN FRE 3498 CNRS/University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.

 

Assion Setu Mivedor

Laboratory of Plant Virology and Biotechnology (LVBV), Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie (ESA), University of Lome, Lomé, Togo.

 

Kossikouma Djodji Adjata
Laboratory of Plant Virology and Biotechnology (LVBV), Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie (ESA), University of Lome, Lomé, Togo.

 

Jerome Duclercq
Laboratory of Agroecology, Ecophysiology and Integrative Biology (AEB), Unit EDYSAN FRE 3498 CNRS/University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.

 

Yawovi Mawuena Dieudonne Gumedzoe
Laboratory of Plant Virology and Biotechnology (LVBV), Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie (ESA), University of Lome, Lomé, Togo.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v7/7571C

Studies on D10 Values (γ- Irradiation) of Five Postharvest Fungal Pathogens and their Effect on the Biochemical Properties of Fresh capsicum Fruits | Chapter 7 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 2

 Fungi are increasingly being blamed for spoiling commercially valuable fruits and vegetables. Five postharvest fungi of pepper fruits were studied for their population responses to gamma irradiation: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Colletotrichum capsici, C. trumcatum, and Fusarium solani. At a dosage rate of 1.08KGy/hour, these fungi were irradiated at doses of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8KGy. The D10 values of the organisms were calculated using the Stumbo equation. The fungus were inoculated on pepper fruits for 8 days, and biochemical/physiochemical parameters (pH, total ascorbic acid, total titratable acidity, and soluble solids) as well as physiological weight loss were measured. The study used a completely randomised block design. For D10 values and biochemical parameters, GenStat 12th edition was utilised with one- and two-way Anova. The D10 values ranged from 0.714 to 0.995 KGy, with Fusarium solani being the most radio resistant and Colletotrichum species being more vulnerable to gamma irradiation's deadly effect. In general, biochemical values of fungi-inoculated pepper fruits were higher than those of control samples. Because these fungi are either harmful or saprophytic to pepper fruits, gamma irradiation decontaminated fresh pepper fruits of their bioburden, increasing their postharvest life. The physiochemical properties of pepper fruits are also affected by fungi's degrading activities.

Author (S) Details

G. K. Frimpong
Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute – GAEC, Ghana.

A. A. Adekunle
Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Nigeria.

T. O. Ogundipe
Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Nigeria.

A. A. Okyere
Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute – GAEC, Ghana.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V2/article/view/3713