Hydrogen Gas Inhalation (4%) could Reduce Lung Inflammation and Blood Pressure in Rats with Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension | Chapter 9 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 2

 

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inhaling atmospheric air containing 4% hydrogen on the symptoms and progression of PH in male Wistar rats using the MCT-induced model. Interstitial lung diseases (IPD), associated with inflammatory processes and the appearance of fibrosis, lead to impaired ventilation-perfusion ratio and hypoxia. Recently, strategies and drug approaches for the treatment of IPD-associated pulmonary hypertension have been widely discussed. Hydrogen has been shown to exhibit selective antioxidant properties against hydroxyl radicals and exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Because monocrotaline causes oxidative stress, the monocrotaline-induced model of pulmonary hypertension is appropriate for researching compounds having antioxidant properties. On day 1, male Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with either a water-alcohol solution of monocrotaline or control solution consisting solely of water and alcohol. One group of monocrotaline-injected animals was placed in a plastic box continuously ventilated with atmospheric air containing 4% molecular hydrogen, while the two other groups (one injected with monocrotaline and the other with vehicle) were placed in boxes ventilated with atmospheric air. After 21 days, hemodynamic parameters were measured under urethane narcosis. The results showed that, although hydrogen inhalation had no effect on the main markers of pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline injection, there was a reduction in systemic blood pressure due to its systolic component, and a decrease in TGF- β expression, as well as a reduction in tryptase-containing mast cells. The results in combination with previous published results indicate that molecular hydrogen may be a useful therapeutic agent to combat pulmonary hypertension. Further research with larger sample sizes and exploring different routes of administration, concentrations and durations is needed to determine the optimal therapeutic approach. Overall, these findings suggest that molecular hydrogen may hold promise as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, in patients but further investigation is warranted.

 

Author(s) Details

Tatyana Kuropatkina
Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Prospect 27-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia.

 

Dmitrii Atiakshin
Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Moskovsky Prispect, 185, 394066, Voronezh, Russia and RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St 6, 117198, Moscow, Russia.

 

 

Fedor Sychev
Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, 119234 Moscow, Russia.

 

Marina Artemieva
Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Prospect 27-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia and Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, 119234 Moscow, Russia.

 

Tatyana Samoilenko
Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Moskovsky Prispect, 185, 394066, Voronezh, Russia.

 

Olga Gerasimova
Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Moskovsky Prispect, 185, 394066, Voronezh, Russia.

 

Viktoria Shishkina
Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Moskovsky Prispect, 185, 394066, Voronezh, Russia.

 

Khaydar Gufranov
Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Prospect 27-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia.

 

Natalia Medvedeva
Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, 119234 Moscow, Russia.

 

Tyler W. Le Baron
Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, 84720, Utah, USA and Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Cedar City, Utah, 84720, USA.

 

Oleg Medvedev
Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Prospect 27-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia and Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ulitsa Akademika Chazova 15a, 121552 Moscow, Russia.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v2/1180

An In-silico Analysis and Narrative Synopsis Confirming the Invalidity of ORP Use in Estimating Aqueous H2 Concentration | Chapter 4 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 6

The aim of the study is to conduct an In-Silico Analysis and provide a Narrative Synopsis Confirming the Invalidity of ORP Use in Estimating Aqueous H₂ Concentration. Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) is often used to characterize functional beverages, specifically alkaline ionized water and hydrogen water. Numerous health benefits including antioxidant effects have been attributed to a negative ORP value. However, a greater negative ORP value is often incorrectly interpreted to mean a greater degree of health benefits and/or a high concentration of H₂. However, ORP is not specific to H₂ gas but any redox-active molecules. Recent fatalities have occurred due to conflating a negative ORP with health benefits due to the use of toxic chemicals to induce a negative ORP. Additionally, when ORP meters are used to estimate H₂ gas, the readings can be highly unreliable. For example, hydrogen meters use the Nernst equation to calculate the concentration of H₂ based on the measured ORP value. Unfortunately, due to the fundamental limitations of the ORP meter, the calculated H₂ value may be very inaccurate. Using the Nernst equation, we performed an in-silico analysis of the ORP as a function of pH, temperature, and H₂ concentration. Our analysis shows that a one-unit increase in pH (e.g., 7-8) influences the ORP by as much as increasing the H₂ concentration by 100 times (e.g., 1 to 100 mg/L). Similarly, at a saturated H₂ concentration (1.57 mg/L) and pH 7, every ΔT of 20°C changes the ORP by ≈ 30 mV. This is comparable to changing the H₂ concentration by a factor of 10 (0.1 mg/L to 1 mg/L).  Moreover, to measure H₂ within 0.1 mg/L, ORP meters need to have an accuracy of about 0.8 mV. However, ORP meters have an error range of at least ±10 mV, which corresponds to a potential error in measured H₂ concentration of nearly ₂ mg/L (≈125% error). This analysis shows that pH, temperature, and intrinsic ORP errors can individually influence the ORP greater than the entire contribution of dissolved H₂ within normally used ranges. Consequently, this can easily result in a water sample with a greater negative ORP than another despite having significantly less H₂. Thus, it becomes impossible to consistently determine if one water sample has more H₂ than another water sample. However, the analyses and calculations were performed only with the variables included in the equations, which can be considered a limitation of this study. Finally, we can only conclude, based on a negative ORP reading, that, excluding the possibility of other reductive redox couples, some level of dissolved H₂ is present in the water. Accordingly, ORP and ORP-based H₂ meters are not reliable for testing or comparing the concentration of H₂ in water. Inherent fluctuations in the ORP meter, combined with the significant influence that even small deviations in pH and temperature have on the ORP, will always dominate the ORP measurement.

 

Author (s) Details

Tyler W. LeBaron
Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, Utah, USA and Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah, USA.

 

Randy Sharpe
H2 Analytics, Henderson, NV, USA.

 

 

Please see the book here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v6/1788

Beneficial Effects of Hydrogen Water on Subjects with NAFLD | Chapter 8 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

 Non-alcoholic greasy liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disorder that influences approximately a quarter of the all-encompassing population. It is caused by an exuberance of oxidative stress, inflammation, and irregular cellular indicating, which can influence liver dysfunction and eventually, carcinoma. Molecular hydrogen has existed identified for allure specific antioxidant characteristics and ability to decrease inflammation and regulate natural activity. In a randomized, double-blind, fake pill-controlled trial unending eight weeks, hydrogen-rich water (HRW) was given to 30 matters with NAFLD. We noticed approving trends (p > 0.05) in abated weight (about 1 kg) and party mass index in the HRW group. HRW was well-indulged, with no significant changes in liver enzymes and an slant towards improved lipid sketch and lower lactate dehydrogenase levels. HRW went to decrease nuclear determinant kappa B, heat shock protein 70, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels non-significantly. Curiously, skilled was a slight but non-significant increase in the levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde in the HRW group. This gentle increase may desire hormetic effects of microscopic hydrogen. Further, longer-term studies focused on barring, maintaining, or discussing NAFLD and early stages of NASH are necessary.

Author(s) Details:

Branislav Kura

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Maria Szantova

3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Tyler W. LeBaron

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Molecular Hydrogen Institute, 847 21 Enoch, UT, USA and Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, 847 21Cedar City, UT, USA.

 

Viliam Mojto

3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Miroslav Barancik

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Barbara Szeiffova Bacova

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Barbora Kalocayova

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Matus Sykora

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Ludmila Okruhlicova

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Narcisa Tribulova

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Anna Gvozdjakova

Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Medical Department, Medical Faculty, Comenius University Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Zuzana Sumbalova

Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Medical Department, Medical Faculty, Comenius University Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Jarmila Kucharska

Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Medical Department, Medical Faculty, Comenius University Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Xenia Faktorova

Internal Clinic of Slovak Medical University, Hospital of St. Michael, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Martina Jakabovicova

3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. 

Zuzana Durkovicová

3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. 

Jan Macutek

Mathematical Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences 814 73 Bratislava, Slovak Republic and Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovak Republic.

 

Michaela Koscová

Mathematical Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences 814 73 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

 

Jan Slezak

Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V4/article/view/9837