Statistical Techniques in Ecology: Descriptive Statistics and Normal Distribution | Chapter 4| Mathematics and Computer Science: Research Updates Vol. 9

 

Ecological science relies on robust estimates of the abundance, diversity, and spatial distribution of individuals and species, but these quantities are notoriously difficult to observe directly. Statistics may be considered as the science and technique of collecting, analysing, and making inferences from data, and these references are stated as probabilities. The study aims to explore and apply quantitative and statistical methods in ecology to understand the relationships between populations and their environment, assess the effects of environmental hazards on animal and plant populations, and evaluate overall ecological balance. Fundamental statistical concepts, including descriptive statistics, probability distribution, regression and correlations, and the chi-square distribution, are demonstrated to show their function in analysing ecological data. On the other hand, specialised methods, such as species-abundance relations and species-diversity measures, provide insights into community structure and ecosystem stability. The study recommends the use of logarithmic distributions to accurately fit species-abundance data and enhance the reliability of ecological analyses.

 

 

Author(s) Details

B. K. Singh
Department of Mathematics, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Rajan Singh
Department of Mathematics, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Anshul Dubey
Department of Mathematics, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Nidhi Tiwari
Department of Mathematics, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Nidhi Prabhaka
Department of Mathematics, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mcsru/v9/7057

 

Epigenetic Drugs, and Their Virtual Screening Study Retrieved from ZINC Database Along with an AutoDock Study of the Best Inhibitor | Chapter 04 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 7

 Cancer epigenetics research has advanced significantly in the previous 30 years. From embryogenesis to adulthood, epigenetic events play a role in the human life cycle. It is important to understand that epigenetic misregulation may contribute to cancer formation, and we must continue to search for anti-neoplastic epi-drugs. Taking this into account, our first goal is to use virtual screening to find effective epi-drugs from the ZINC database, as well as to investigate the validity of virtual screening. The second goal is to use a docking experiment to investigate the binding conformation of the highest affinity ligands against macromolecules.

Our Virtual Screening by Docking (VSDK) technique and procedure were used to accomplish the virtual screening. The ZINC database downloads small compounds at random. AutoDock 4.2.6 and AutoDock Tool were utilised in the docking experiment.The successful virtual screening of the 2778 tiny molecules chosen at random from the ZINC database took eight to ten hours. The first rated inhibitors of histone H2B E76K mutant (HHEM) and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) were 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diamine and 2-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, respectively.

Conclusion: Most of the top 10 HHEM and DNMT inhibitors have 5-member rings in their chemical structures, as determined by virtual screening. A virtual screening experiment would be considered effective if the affinity difference between the top and bottom 10 compounds was greater than two times. The histogram chart of AutoDock4 runs showed two or three hydrogen bonds in the lowest affinity region, indicating a consistent conformation docking.

Author(S) Details

Eiichi Akaho
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin Univercity, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 6508586, Japan.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRD-V7/article/view/5412

Long-term Monitoring of Arterial Blood Pressure and Pulse: General Estimates of Readings and Their Relationships | Chapter 9 | Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 4

 The study is based on long-term, regular measurements of blood pressure and pulse - the heart rate (more than 18 years). The values of these readings are taken from a self-control diary kept by a patient, one of the publication's authors, a man born in 1940. In our case, such effective control over the patient's condition, ensuring normal vital activity, allows us to investigate the influence of external factors on the hemodynamics of the body and the manifestation of the marked temporal characteristics. There was a distinction between the morning and evening series. Evening monitoring readings have more balanced characteristics. Spectral analysis allows for more detailed data analysis and comparison. The evening series clearly shows a seven-day component that is modulated with a three-year period for the pulse. The morning series are distinguished by a "lunar" component with a period of 27.35 days. The absence of a weekly period in the morning readings indicates a rapid (moment of sleep) relaxation of the body from the previous day's rhythmic stress. The manifestation of the "lunar" response can be linked to an increase in body sensitivity during and after sleep. This work describes the patient's condition by comparing blood pressure and heart rate.

Author (S) Details

Yuriy Kuksa
Geoelectromagnetic Research Centre, The Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Troitsk 108840, Russia.

Igor Shibaev
Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Troitsk 108840, Russia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CIEES-V4/article/view/1628

Monitoring and Identifying the Occurrence of Oil Spill in the Ocean Using Satellite Image for Disaster Mitigation: Advanced Study | Chapter 7 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 4

In this approach a morphological closing techniques is used which solve the problem of oil spills detection in the ocean. As we know marine species face biggest issue of oil spill to solve this issue a morphological closing method is applied for Monitoring and identifying the occurrence of oil spill in the ocean using satellite image for disaster mitigation. This research work is carried out using SAR RADARSAT-2 image, which is capture from Gulf of Mexico. The work illustrate detection of oil spill in the ocean using satellite data with gray level masking, prepared with slick-relevant structure extracted by the algorithm with less time. In conclusion, morphological closing techniques can be used as a tool for monitoring and identifying the occurrence of oil spill and Synthetic aperture radar image serves as a good sensor for detection and surveying of oil spill. The performance shows the resulting grey level mask containing structure of the slick with levels of gray corresponding to less damp / most damped sea surface roughness. 

Author (s) Details

Dr. Mukta Jagdish,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Vels University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/180