Notable in situ Degradability of Whole Cottonseed (WCS) and Grass Hay (GH) in the Rumen of Sheep| Chapter 1| Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 8

An experiment was conducted to examine the in situ degradation characteristics of whole cottonseed (WCS) and grass hay (GH) in the rumen of sheep fed 4 different diets. The 4 diets were T1 = GH alone, T2 = GH + 150 g WCS, T3 = GH + 300 WCS, and T4 = GH + 500 g WCS. The different parameters characterizing the extent and rate of the ruminal degradation of DM were examined. The DM loss data were fitted to an exponential equation p = a + b (1 - e-ct) (Ærskov and McDonald, 1979). The results of this experiment showed that there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in the degradability characteristics [a, b, A, B, C and (A + B)] of GH between the treatment diets. The lag times varied widely within and between the diets but the differences between diets were not significant (p>0.05). Although the degradation characteristics of GH and WCS tended to decrease when they incubated in the rumen of sheep fed T4, the differences between the diets were not significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, the results of this experiment did not show the significant effects of feeding whole cottonseed supplements on the rate and extent of ruminal degradation characteristics.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ismartoyo
Department of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar-90245, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v8/3654

The Unique Finding of Rumen Protozoal Degradation of Grass Hay in Culture in the Presence of Anti-nutrient Gossypol | Chapter 16 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 1

 It has been known that rumen protozoa degrade plant cell walls and the removal of the rumen protozoa from rumen liquid decreased the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose. However, the role of protozoa in the feed degradation in the complexity of the rumen microbial ecosystem remains challenging. The main aim of this experiment was to examine the effects of gossypol on rumen protozoa fermentation of grass hay (GH) with and without gossypol. The volumes of gas production were measured using the method of Menke and Steingass (1988). The results of this experiment show that gas production rate (c=0.081) from GH is higher than that of GH treated with gossypol 1mM (c=0.013), 5mM (0.013), 5mM (0.004). However, the potential gas production (a+b=17.1) and the asymptote (b=19.1) of GH were much lower than gossypol treated substrates suggesting that the presence of gossypol in the culture resulted in more gas from GH.  However, the increase in gas production which occurred when gossypol was added to GH conversely correlated with the DM losses of the GH.  In the presence of gossypol, there was a change in the molar proportions of VFA (Volatile Fatty Acids) suggesting that the presence of gossypol may have altered the fermentative activity of rumen protozoa in culture.

Author(s) Details:

Ismartoyo,
Department of Animal Science, The University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V1/article/view/14067

Noteworthy Red Blood Cells Fragility of Sheep Fed Whole Cottonseed as a Feed Supplement for a Basal Diet Grass Hay | Chapter 11 | Advanced Research in Biological Science Vol. 8

It has been reported that inclusion of whole cottonseed (WCS) in the diet of sheep increased red blood fragility (RBC). The effect of gossypol on erythrocyte fragility can be used to measure the safe feeding levels of cottonseed products to animals. An investigation was conducted to examine the effect of feeding WCS as a supplement for sheep fed grass hay on the RBC. The sheep were kept in an individual metabolism crate and fed 4 diets treatment (T1-T4). The 4 diets offered were T1 = grass hay (GH) alone, T2 = GH + 150 g WCS, T3 = GH + 300 g WCS, and T4 = GH + 500 g WCS per day (fresh basis). The results of this experiment indicated that the RBC fragility was sensitive to WCS intake. Although the increased in the hemolysis of RBC of the sheep fed T3 and T4 did not appear to be detrimental, nevertheless, prolonged feeding WCS would probably induce changes in and the damage to the blood constituents. In general, it may be concluded that supplementation at 500 g WCS d-1 (37% of the diet) which contributed to additional dietary gossypol and dietary fat significantly depressed   feed digestibility. The osmotic fragility of RBC was also increased at this level of WCS supplementation suggesting that some of diet free gossypol escaped from rumen detoxification and/or some bound gossypol might be hydrolysed in the rumen and absorbed via the small intestine, which induced biochemical changes resulting in increased RBC fragility.

Author(s) Details:

Ismartoyo,
Department of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar-90245, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ARBS-V8/article/view/13479