Antifungal, Antiradical and Insecticidal Activities of Some Grass Species | Chapter 10 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 4

 Poaceae is one of the economically important families of plants and includes grass-designated monocotyledonous flowering plants. Grasses are useful as fruit, fodder, essential oil sources, building materials, and medicine. The antifungal, antiradical and insecticidal activity of grass extracts, namely Paspalum conjugatum P.J.Bergius, Oplismenus compositus (L.) P.Beauv., Capillipedium huegelii (Hack.) A.Camus and Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, were evaluated in the present study. The extraction of shade-dried plant materials by maceration using methanol was carried out. Antifungal activity against two seed-borne fungi viz. was assessed by Poisoned food technique. A. and Aspergillus niger. Oh, Flavus. In addition to mycelial development, the extracts were successful in causing considerable sporulation suppression. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay calculated the anti-radical operation. The extracts were effective in dose-dependently scavenging radicals. Insecticidal activity against II instar larvae of the genus Aedes has been evaluated. The extracts resulted in 100 percent larval mortality at the tested concentration. For the production of formulations that can be used against phytopathogenic fungi, oxidative damage, and vectors that spread dreadful diseases, grasses appear to be promising tools. The purification of the active principles from crude extracts and the assessment of their bioactivity should be carried out.

Author(s) Details

Dr. T. R. Prashith Kekuda
Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N. College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S. Campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India.

Ms. Fathima Mohammadi
Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N. College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S. Campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India.

Ms. V. Nandini
Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N. College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S. Campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India.

Ms. K. S. Shreya
Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N. College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S. Campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga-577201, Karnataka, India.

Mr. H. U. Abhijith

P.G. Department of Studies and Research in Botany, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta-577451, Karnataka, India.

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An Approach to Bioindicators: Metal Accumulation Profile in Roadside Soils, Grass and Caesalpinia Plant Leaves | Chapter 9 | International Research in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 5

 

Following global industrialization, environmental pollution has risen enormously, having detrimental effects on human health and ecosystem services. Heavy metals are essential environmental contaminants, and much more attention has been paid to their toxicity to humans , plants and animals. A research was conducted in Bagalkot City (India) to investigate the heavy metal contamination of roadside soil, grass and Caesalpinia plants. The highest metal concentration levels of Pb, Cu, Cd, Mn , Zn, Cr and Ni were found in very congested samples. The soil samples were taken from different sampling sites at a depth (0-20 cm) of grass leaves and Caesalpinia leaves; S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5 were determined by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer on the state highway with high traffic routes passing through Bagalkot (India). The findings showed that elevated amounts of metal were present in soil and both grass and Caesalpinia. The primary source of pollution was found to be primarily vehicular exhaust. Increased circulation of toxic metals in soils, grass and Caesalpinia may lead to the eventual accumulation in the food chain of such xenobiotics. The difference in the concentration of heavy metals is attributable to changes in the intensity of traffic and anthropogenic activities. In the study region around Bagalkot, the heavy metal concentration was maximal, suggesting the need for pollution control in the urban climate. At Bagalkot (Navanagar), Caesalpinia is widely spread as a roadside ornamental plant and the grass is the best food for grazing animals. Grass and Caesalpinia exhibit all characteristics in accordance with the data provided here and are chosen as bio indicators.

Author (s) Details

Dr. N. M. Rolli
BLDEA Degree College, Jamkhandi, Karnataka, India.

B. I. Karalatti
BLDEA Degree College, Jamkhandi, Karnataka, India.

S. B. Gadi
JSS College, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

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