The Influence of Serotonin in Plantain Diet on Fear and Anxiety Behavior in Mice: Implications for Dietary impact on Emotion | Chapter 12 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 1

The objective of this book chapter is to report the outcome of investigating the mechanism of effect of consuming plantain diet on fear and anxiety behavior, using mice in experiment model. Two categories (cat) of three groups of mice were administered as follows; cat 1 - normal chow (group A/control), 50% plantain (group B), 100% plantain (group C) and cat 2 - normal chow (group 1), 100% plantain (group 2), 100% plantain + serotonin antagonist –ritanserin (group 3) respectively for a period of 30 days. Thereafter, both categories of mice were subjected to neurobehavioral studies using elevated plus maze and light/dark box, after which they were sacrificed and portion of brain tissue were collected and homogenized for estimation of serotonin (5-HT) concentration using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Variability among the groups was determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA), whereas between groups, appropriate comparisons were made by Student t-test. Result of neurobehavioral analysis showed a significant increase in open arm duration and time spent in light chamber for plantain-fed mice than control; implying that plantain reduced anxiety and fear behavior for cat 1.  The neurochemical analysis for cat 1 showed that 5-HT level was significantly (p<0.001) elevated in the brain of plantain-diet fed mice than control (group A), indicating that plantain increased 5-HT concentration. In the cat 2, duration in open arm and in light camber was reduced significantly p<0.05 in group 3 (100% plantain + ritanserin) than control and 100% plantain group; implying increased fear and anxiety behavior. These results suggest that plantain meal may have influenced emotion by reducing fear and anxiety, with 5-HT as an active ingredient in plantain.

Author(s) Details:

Peter P. Erigbali,
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria.

Oweipikumo F. Dabirilagha,
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria.

Price P. Joffa,
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria.

Eme E. Osim,
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V1/article/view/13661

A Qualitative Descriptive Study: The Realities of Workplace Bullying | Chapter 7 | Current Innovations in Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

 This division decribes the narratives of individuals experience bullying in their institution, significant to their understanding of solutions, outlooks, and attitudes toward bullying conducts. Previous research outlined donating factors-change in leadership, stiff bureaucracy, negative institution culture pitting nurses against the nurse, deficit of space, nursing the sufferers in hallways, and low healthcare characteristic linked to inadequate staffing. Develops a cost-benefit debate for organizations to deal with the issue and comments that in spite of the overwhelming benefits, few arrangings appear to have workplace domineering on their agenda. Self-stated symptoms of healthcare professionals contain depression, loneliness, seclusion, and dread, as well as impressions of despair, helplessness, and job deficit. The prior research's limitations avert managers from finding active solutions to the bullying question. Bullying ought to take the same legal standing as institution violence and harassment. Nobody concede possibility have to sustain the negative effects of being bullied working by people of all ages. Findings suggest is not any more no longer fixed to earlier nurses eating their young, but the reversal is real of younger nurses capably suggesting that older nurses no longer exist in the workforce, asking ruling class about their retirement plans. Future suggestions significant to this study are upcoming healthcare staffing.

Author(s) Details:

Carol Rocker,
Island Health and University of Victoria, Margaret Eastman, RN MN, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIDHR-V4/article/view/11450

Animal-Assisted Therapy: A Survey of Child’s and Parent’s Perception in Reducing Dental Anxiety | Chapter 9 | New Advances in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 1

 Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) is being investigated as an alternate technique to humiliate anxiety and comfort anxious patients. This branch aims to evaluate the impact of pets on threatening the anxiety of kids at the dental operatory, as well as the juveniles's and parents' agreement of this technique. This inquiry-based cross-divided study included 65 toddlers aged 3 to 12 age old and their persons. Using a questionnaire and picture cards, they were judged for anxiety and the impact of pets on tension levels. The Chi-square test was used to statistically examine the dossier. Pets in the dental operatory are useful in threatening anxiety, in accordance with 83.3% of parents and 75.4% of youngsters. Live pets were favored by 58.5% of toddlers but just 33.3% of parents.  Dogs were establish to be the favorite pet of very young kids (31.6%), while rabbits were popular by older youngsters (43.5%). Animal-assisted therapy was confirmed to be persuasive in lowering offsprings's anxiety all the while dental visits.

Author(s) Details:

Bashyam Nalini,
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Chandrabhatla Srinivas Kumar,
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAMMS-V1/article/view/10561

Factors Underlying Stigmatization of Epilepsy: Case Study of Abasuba and Ameru Communities, Kenya | Chapter 8 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 Objectives: To recognize factors that underlie the stigmatization of people with epilepsy (PWE) in the communities of Abasuba and Ameru, Kenya. Study Design: In this study, cross sectional design was used. Place of research: The study was performed in the sub-districts of Abothuguchi, Miriegameru and Nkuene in the sub-districts of Meru Central and Central, Gwasi and Mbita in the sub-districts of Suba in Kenya. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive analysis. A updated participatory rapid evaluation approach that included the use of questionnaires, interview schedules and centered group discussions was used. Interviews were performed with family leaders, medical workers, community-based group executives, patients, parents, administrators, teachers, faith healers and herbalists. Performance: The results of the analysis show an essential statistical association between negative

Epilepsy of fear (~2 = 43.69354, df=1, p<0.05). The fear of epilepsy depends on knowledge of it almost 2 = 7.41663, df=1, p=0.00646). Except among the female respondents in the Meru Central District, occupation was not found to affect fear (almost 2 = 6.19763, df=2, p=0.04510). There was however, no important association between epilepsy apprehension and education level ( ⁇ 2 = 0.15773, df=2, p=0.092436). The idea that epilepsy resulting from a curse or witchcraft is transferable and infectious was profoundly ingrained in the culture of the two groups and that they are treated by society with resentment that results in alienation and social stigma.

Author (s) Details

Tiberry D. O. Nyakwana,
Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Dr. Jemimah A. Simbauni,
Department of Zoological Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O.Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

James O. Jowi
Clinical Neurology, Maseno University, P.O.Box 19280 Code 40123, Kisumu, Kenya.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/323