Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Clinical Implications and Interventions |Chapter 6 | Medical Science: Updates and Prospects Vol. 5

 

Cognitive dysfunction is increasingly recognised as a core and disabling component of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), extending beyond affective symptoms to significantly impairing everyday functioning. While traditional research has largely focused on mood disturbances, growing evidence indicates that deficits in attention, memory, and executive functioning are highly prevalent and often persist even during symptomatic remission. Such impairments contribute substantially to poor psychosocial and occupational outcomes and represent an important determinant of long-term prognosis.

 

This chapter provides a comprehensive narrative review of the patterns and mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in MDD, integrating findings from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Evidence from the literature indicates that clinically significant cognitive impairment affects approximately half of individuals with MDD, with residual deficits frequently observed following remission of mood symptoms. Among cognitive domains, impairments in executive function, processing speed, and memory demonstrate moderate effect sizes and show strong associations with functional disability and reduced quality of life.

 

The chapter further examines underlying neurobiological and neurophysiological mechanisms, including dysregulation within prefrontal–limbic circuits, hippocampal alterations, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis hyperactivity, and abnormalities in event-related potentials such as prolonged P300 latency. Clinical implications are discussed, emphasising the importance of routine cognitive assessment and the integration of targeted cognitive interventions alongside standard treatment approaches. Finally, future directions for research and clinical practice are outlined, highlighting the need for individualised cognitive remediation strategies to optimise functional recovery in individuals with MDD.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Sharma S
Department of Physiology, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Partap Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302033, India.

 

Kacker S
Department of Physiology, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Partap Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302033, India.

 

Saboo N
Department of Physiology, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Partap Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302033, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msup/v5/6939

A Yogic Dynamic Executive Function Frame Work for Linking Attention, Adjustment and Cognitive Flexibility of School Children | Chapter 4 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 9

 There is always a rapid expansion of Executive Function (EF) areas of the brain in school-aged youngsters between the ages of 5 and 13. In the provided school setting, where the children's growing genes and their syllabus have a large impact, EF growth is slowed. During this time, the youngsters are overburdened with schoolwork, which limits their learning processes and causes them to become creatively lost in curriculum-based progress. In this study, we propose using a complementary Yoga frame to strengthen the EF. This new framework provides a yoga method programme for improving the mind's attention, adjustment, and cognitive flexibility. Yoga as a supplement to the curriculum instils the habit of thinking about cognitive components of the brain, making their bearers more valuable and contributing to the betterment of society. Yoga frame for kids mediates the link between school curriculum and EF, resulting in improved outputs and underlying yoga benefits. Yoga practises will assist the child's individual EF in growing and transitioning towards adolescence.

Author (S) Details

Ankita Mishra
University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarkhand, India.

G. Paran Gowda
University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarkhand, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CDHR-V9/article/view/2058