Exploring the Relevant Assessment Procedures in Evaluation of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis | Chapter 11 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 7

The management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) depends on the current state of joint degeneration and its influence on the individual’s functional health status. To ensure a comprehensive understanding that facilitates informed decision-making, it is imperative to integrate radiological assessment with clinical and functional evaluations. Pain assessment should adopt a paradigm that considers both nociceptive and neuropathic sources of pain, considering the potential role of peripheral and central sensitization in pain manifestations and its ramifications on affective and cognitive spheres. Functional assessment should encompass three dimensions, according to the view of the reported results and the degree of objectivity. Additionally, given the notable prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety among individuals with knee OA, mental health status must not be overlooked, as it significantly influences functional status and predicts rehabilitation outcomes. Consequently, the results obtained from the functional test should be considered in light of the potential impact of depressive symptoms. However, it is crucial to recognize that depressive symptoms may exert distinct influences on the three functional dimensions, contingent upon the level of objectivity. Regarding pain, a lack of clear consensus exists on its influence, with divergent definitions of pain and the inclusion of heterogeneous cognitive factors related to pain impeding the derivation of conclusive results. Ultimately, a comprehensive assessment incorporating radiological, pain, functional, and psychological statuses is essential to inform optimal treatment decisions tailored to the specific stage of knee OA.

Author(s) Details:

Fernando Dominguez-Navarro,
Grupo de Investigación en Fisioterapia de los Procesos de Envejecimiento: Estrategias Socio-Sanitarias, Departament de Fisioterapia, Universitat de València, Spain and Biomechanics & Physiotherapy in Sports Research Group (BIOCAPS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

Jose Pérez-Maletzki,
Grupo de Investigación en Fisioterapia de los Procesos de Envejecimiento: Estrategias Socio-Sanitarias, Departament de Fisioterapia, Universitat de València, Spain and Biomechanics & Physiotherapy in Sports Research Group (BIOCAPS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V7/article/view/13429

Cross-sectional Study of Depressive Symptoms and Related Factors among Workers Employed by Japanese Eldercare Institutions | Chapter 8 | New Advances in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 Aims: This study proposed to examine the predominance of depressive manifestations and related determinants (sociodemographic characteristics and occupational variables) between workers working by Japanese eldercare institutions (Study I). In addition, the friendships between concavity symptoms and task stress based on the Demand–Control–Support model were checked (Study II).Methods: Eldercare institutions in Akita prefecture were randomly picked to participate in the survey. In total, 197 organizations agreed to take part in the study, and the participants were insisted to complete the survey. Of the 2,727 workers the one were invited to share, 2,404 returned complete questionnaires. Depression-symptom predominance and severity were judged using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale (extreme score, ≥ 16). Job stress was assessed utilizing the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) based on the task Demand–Control–Support model. Results: (Study I) Data from 2,088 employees presented that 44.3% of them had high CES-D scores. The sociodemographic traits and occupational determinants that were associated with a extreme risk of depression contained young age, a short sleep duration on weeknights, and occupied for more than 45 h per temporal length of event or entity's existence. (Study II) In total, 1,740 valid responses were got from 434 males and 1,306 women. Approximately 44.9% of the responders had high CES-D scores. Workers accompanying long working hours had everywhere scores on psychological task demand and social support, individually. Those who exhibited extreme CES-D scores had significantly bigger psychological task demand scores and lower decision freedom and social support scores. A certain correlation was erect between psychological task demand and CES-D scores. In contrast, a negative correlation was establish between resolution latitude and CES-D scores and betwixt the social support scores and CES-D scores.Conclusions: To prevent cavity, employers and employees at eldercare organizations should be aware of the belongings of long working hours and lack of sleep. In addition, distinctive attention bear be paid to young peasants as a high-risk group, in addition to to workers accompanying substantial psychological task demands, low resolution latitude, and reduced social support, as these employees also comprise a high-risk group.

Author(s) Details:

Masahito Fushimi,
Akita University Health Center, 1-1 Tegata-Gakuen-machi, Akita 010-8502, Japan and Akita Occupational Health Promotion Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAMMS-V9/article/view/11214

Depression among Cancer Patients: Pathogenesis and Treatment | Chapter 10 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 1

Depression in Cancer Patients: Etiology, Pathogenesis, Assessment, and Treatment Cancer patients frequently experience depression, which is a common psychological side effect of cancer treatment and a significant suicide risk factor. Any form of cancer diagnosis is a stressful event that causes a lot of emotional anguish. Cancer patients experience depression three times as often as the general population does. Life quality suffers as a result of depression. Most doctors may disregard the bodily symptoms of depression as unavoidable side effects of cancer therapy. When diagnosed with cancer, patients who have a history of mental disorder frequently experience recurrence. It can be difficult to diagnose depression in cancer patients because the signs and symptoms of sadness often resemble those brought on by the disease or the treatments used to treat it. As early resolution of depression in cancer patients greatly increases median survival time, treating depression in cancer patients should be of the greatest importance. The initial stages in managing a suicidal patient are symptom management, maintaining supportive relationships, and involving friends and family. Psychosocial and pharmaceutical therapies can be used in conjunction to treat depression in cancer patients. The quality of life for cancer patients is improved by early therapy of depressed symptoms.

Author(s) Details:

Ashish Kumar Malik,

Department of Psychiatry, N.C. Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat, Haryana, India.

Deepika Dalal,

Department of Biochemistry, N.C. Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat, Haryana, India.

Sunder Singh,

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Kiran Dahiya,

Department of Biochemistry, Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Rakesh Dhankhar,

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V1/article/view/7329