Implementation of a Semi-classical Theory for Superconductors: Scientific Explanation| Chapter 10 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 6

 When the hotness of certain fabrics is reduced to below the value famous as the critical hotness, a state transition occurs, and bureaucracy transitions from the common to superconducting state. A superconductor is defined by two fundamental material properties: zero energetic resistance to direct current and the Meissner effect (the material repels some external attractive flux). In the absence of a acceptable theory, physicists have secondhand phenomenological approaches to explicate the existence concerning this exotic depressed-temperature state. We present a to a certain extent-classical (non-phenomenological) theory of superconductors in this place study. We then show that the life of superconductors at high fault-finding temperatures cannot be explained by all other than the presence of the gas of free electrons in answer to temperature changes in the metal. The fault-finding temperature before serves the same purpose as the water buildup temperature in a gaseous-to-liquid change and the Curie temperature in a paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic change.

Author(s) Details:

Elie W’ishe Sorongane,
Physics Department, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V6/article/view/9216

The Study of Superconducting Precursors in Bi/Pb Superconductors Fabricated using the Shock Wave and Sun Technologies by the Torsion Oscillation Magnetometry| Chapter 9 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 10

 

Vibrating torsional Magnetometry was used to look into the possibility of raising the critical temperatures Tc of superconducting precursors in samples of the Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting system, which was created using hot shock wave consolidation technology (HSWC) and solar energy for melting and subsequent superfast quenching of the melt. The critical temperature Tc of a prospective superconducting precursor transition to the superconducting state rose from Tc = 107 K for the initial sample to Tc = 138 K by applying the HSWC technology for the synthesis of samples in the range of pressures from P=5 GPa up to P=12 GPa. A superconducting precursor with a Tc of 200 K was found in samples of the Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting system that were created utilising solar energy for the melting and rapid cooling of the melt. One can draw the conclusion that samples of this system contain high-temperature superconducting precursors with Tc 240 K by analysing the nature of the acquired dependences and comparing them to other data related to processes occurring close to the critical temperature Tc.

Author(s) Details:

Grigor Mamniashvili,
Department of Condensed Matter Physics at Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, 6 Tamarashvili St. 0177, Tbilisi, Georgia.

Giorgi Donadze,
Department of Condensed Matter Physics at Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, 6 Tamarashvili St. 0177, Tbilisi, Georgia.

Dilbara Gulamova,
Materials Science Institute, SPA “Physics-Sun”, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, 102226, Tashkent Region, Parkent district, “Sun” Settlement, Uzbekistan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V10/article/view/7722

Prediction of Critical Temperature and Pressure of Hydrocarbons Using Simple Molecular Properties | Chapter 12 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 10

 Fitting their critical temperature (Tc) and critical pressure (Pc) as functions of molecular weight and carbon atomic fraction was done using 470 hydrocarbons (CnHm). T_c=a*(C_frac)^b*(MW)^c and P_c=a*(C_frac)^1/3+b*(MW)^1/3+c are the non-linear regressed parameters for the given model; C_frac is the carbon atomic fraction in a molecule, which is equal to n/(n+m) for a hydrocarbon compound; and MW is the molecular weight, which is measured as (12n + m). The model was found to accurately predict both Tc and Pc, as shown by the curve-fitted Tc and Pc's related percent relative error (PRE). Low MW compounds were found to have PRE values greater than 10% for expected Tc values out of the 470 hydrocarbons studied. Higher PRE values were observed for higher molecular weight compounds, with C26 and above, when it came to Pc prediction. Despite the fact that the proposed model does not strictly distinguish between isomers of the same molecular weight and chemical formula, the difference in Tc and Pc between isomers is not large enough for an easy, straightforward model to detect. Despite the fact that a more rigorous model would work harder to offset such small differences in Tc and Pc among isomers at the cost of model simplicity, a more rigorous model will work harder to offset such small differences in Tc and Pc among isomers.

Author (s) Details

Kamal I. Al-Malah
Department of Chemical Engineering, Higher colleges of Technology, Abu-Dhabi, UAE

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V10/article/view/761