Self-neglect among the Elderly: An Overview of the Concept, Status and Assessment Tools | Chapter 1 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 2

Background: Self-neglect among the elderly is a widespread public health issue, with its incidence rate increasing year by year, seriously affecting the physical and mental health of the elderly and hindering the realization of "healthy aging". Clarifying the basic connotation of self-neglect among the elderly and developing authoritative assessment tools are of great significance for geriatric research, medical care, and nursing work.

Objective: To understand the concept, current status, and assessment tools of self-neglect among the elderly.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using the keywords "the elder" or "older people" or "old people" + "self-neglect" in English or Chinese in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, and CNKI over the past 10 years.

Results: Thirty papers were included. Previous literature indicates that the incidence rate of self-neglect among community-dwelling elderly globally ranges from 18.4% to 29.1%. Self-neglect accelerates functional aging in the elderly, increasing their prevalence of diseases, hospitalization rate, suicide rate, and mortality rate.  The connotation of self-neglect among the elderly is complex and multidimensional, with strong cultural dependence, and there is no unified conceptual definition.  Therefore, although assessment tools have been widely developed with many achievements, there are significant differences in the number and connotation of measurement dimensions, as well as the measurement performance of the tools, affecting the comparability and generalizability of assessment results. 

Conclusion: Self-neglect among the elderly has increasingly attracted the attention of the academic community.  However, issues such as the definition of the concept and the scientific development and reasonable selection of assessment tools still need further exploration.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Hou Yongmei
Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v2/4282

Assessment of Social-Emotional Competencies in Primary and Secondary School Students: Theoretical Models, Assessment Methods, and Evaluation Tools | Chapter 11 | Language, Literature and Education: Research Updates Vol. 1

Background: The cultivation of social-emotional competencies is not only a necessary condition for academic development and mental health construction among primary and secondary school students but also an important way to enhance their subjective well-being.

Objective: To understand the theoretical model and main assessment methods of social-emotional competence among primary and secondary school students, and analyze future research directions.

Methods: Using the keywords "primary school students" or "middle school students" and "social and emotional competence", a literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, and CNKI for empirical papers published in English or Chinese in the past 10 years.

Results: A total of 39 papers were included. Previous literature indicates that the social-emotional competence of primary and secondary school students worldwide tends to decrease, and students from low socioeconomic backgrounds experience a faster decline in social-emotional competence. The connotation of social-emotional competence is complex and multidimensional, with strong cultural dependence, and there is no unified conceptual definition to date. Various assessment methods have their advantages and limitations. Although assessment tools have been widely developed and have yielded many achievements, there are significant differences in the number and connotation of measurement dimensions, as well as the psychometric performance of the tools, which affect the comparability and generalizability of assessment results.

Conclusion: Standardized assessment is a key link in the research and cultivation of social-emotional competence. However, issues such as the definition of the concept of social-emotional competence and the optimization of assessment methods, as well as the scientific development and rational selection of assessment tools, still need further exploration.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Hou Yongmei
Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523808, China.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/lleru/v1/4489

Radiation-induced Trismus and Related Measures of Patient Life Quality | Chapter 2 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 Radiation therapy (RT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), with or without surgery, are the established current standard treatment modalities for patients with head and neck cancers (HNC). Radiation-induced trismus (RIT), a serious side effect of RT or CCRT, can affect 5% to 69% of HNC patients, depending on the primary tumor, its spread to neighboring tissues, and the stage of the disease. RIT is typically described as having a maximum mouth opening of ≤ 35, which can manifest as early as three months of therapy or as late as 12 to 48 months after RT or CCRT. The victims of RIT may experience considerable negative impacts on their quality of life (QoL) measurement domains of everyday activities, speech, chewing, eating, drinking, malnutrition, dehydration, halitosis, oral hygiene, pain, aesthetic appearance, emotional, sexual and economic. Given the underappreciated nature of RIT and its detrimental effects in HNC patients undergoing RT or C-CRT, the goal of this chapter was to provide a concise review of the physical, social, emotional, sexual, and economic implications of RIT and their impact on QoL measures, as well as the available evaluation methods for health professionals working in related medical fields.

Author(s) Details:

Efsun Somay,
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.

Busra Yilmaz,
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.

Erkan Topkan,
Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Adana, Turkey.

Ahmet Kucuk,
Department of Radiation Oncology, Mersin City Hospital, Mersin, Turkey.

Berrin Pehlivan,
Department of Radiation Oncology, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Ugur Selek,
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey and  Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V2/article/view/8215