Penicillin Allergy Diagnostics by Specific IgE Study | Chapter 4 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 5

Aims: The aim of the study is to evaluate the allergic similarities between different penicillin forms and cefaclor.

Study Design:  Retrospective Laboratory Registry Data Analysis.

Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory Registry Data obtained from the Central Laboratory of the Kuopio University Hospital District with a population of 251,000. Data collection between Jan 2010 and Aug 2021.

Methodology: List of specific IgE analyses for phenoxymethylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin and cefaclor with total serum IgE.

Results: Penicillin forms of phenoxymethylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin and cefaclor did not share the same antigenic determinants. Only 14 cases of formally positive specific IgE results were detected but setting the cut-off limit of specific IgE to 0.8 kU/L, then the number of positively-interpreted allergies dropped to 5 cases.

Conclusion: We suggest that in case of suspicion of penicillin allergy, specific IgE analyses for phenoxymethylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin and cefaclor with total serum IgE be performed for a better estimation of specific penicillin allergy. Previously recommended penicillin allergy testing by oral 250 mg amoxicillin is not a fully diagnostic test. Real IgE-mediated penicillin allergy is very rare.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Rauno J. Harvima
Departments of Dermatology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.

 

Ilkka T. Harvima
Departments of Dermatology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v5/4221

Study on Confirmed Case of Neutropenic Enterocolitis in Armenia | Chapter 11 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11

Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE), commonly known as typhlitis, is a serious illness that primarily affects immunocompromised people. This is Armenia's first documented case of NE. In September of this year, a 12-year-old girl was diagnosed with Hodgkin Lymphoma IIA and began chemotherapy with prednisolone, vincristine, doxorubicin, and etoposide. She developed gastrointestinal pain, cramps, and constipation on the ninth day of chemotherapy. The results of the tests were unremarkable. A gastroenterologist recommended empiric Helicobacter Pylori (HP) eradication (a regimen of amoxicillin and clarithromycin). She had a fever two days later, and her CBC revealed severe neutropenia (WBC -0.34 neutrophil levels 0.06*103/L). For febrile neutropenia, Meropenem was prescribed. Despite medication, the problems persisted. NE was suspected based on the symptoms (fever, neutropenia, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea), and an abdominal CT scan was conducted. It indicated a 0.5-1.0 cm breadth of intestinal mucosa. As a result, the diagnosis of NE was confirmed, and the clarithromycin was replaced with metronidazole. Blood culture revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while stool culture revealed Proteus vulgaris. The patient was able to recover after ten days of antibiotic medication and a change in diet. CONCLUSION: Raising typhlitis awareness and identifying potential risk factors in local institutions may assist to reduce the prevalence and severity of the disease.

Author (S) Details

Tatevik Grigoryan
The Hematology Center after Prof. Yeolyan, Ministry of Health of Armenia, Armenia.

Petros Ghazaryan
The Hematology Center after Prof. Yeolyan, Ministry of Health of Armenia, Armenia.

Samvel Danielyan
The Hematology Center after Prof. Yeolyan, Ministry of Health of Armenia, Armenia.

Gevorg Tamamyan
The Hematology Center after Prof. Yeolyan, Ministry of Health of Armenia, Armenia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V11/article/view/3133