Seed Quality and Yield as Influenced by Bio-Formulation in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.) | Chapter 7 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5

Pea (Pisum sativum L.), one of the most popular annual legume crops of India, belongs to the family Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and sub-family Papilionoideae. It is a protein-rich, self-pollinated, cool-season vegetable crop grown throughout the world. Research work was conducted at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during the rabi season of 2021-2022 to investigate the influence of bio-formulation on seed quality and yield in garden peas. The Laboratory experiment was conducted following Completely Randomized Design for germination and seed vigour characteristics whereas a field experiment was laid out in factorial Randomized Block Design replicated three times for assessing plant growth and yield attributing characters. The experimental material comprised two varieties of garden pea viz., Arkel and DS-10 and seven treatments such asT₁- Control, T₂- Hydropriming, T₃- seed priming with Trichoderma viride @ 5g/kg, T₄- PSB @ 10g/kg, T₅- Rhizobium  @ 20 g/kg, T6- PSB @ 10g/kg + Rhizobium  @ 20 g/kg and T7- Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/kg. Before sowing, seeds of both varieties were soaked in water for 4 hours and bio-primed with the above-mentioned bio-formulations. Results revealed significant differences amongst the treatments for most of the plant growth-promoting and yield-attributing characters. Among all the treatments, T₆ i.e. seed priming with combined application of Rhizobium  @ 20 g/kg + PSB @ 10g/kg exhibited the highest performance for most of the characters evaluated under laboratory and field conditions. Regarding the variety, DS-10 performed better as compared to Arkel. The experiment revealed that priming treatments had significantly enhanced the germination, seed vigour and yield attributing characters. From the present study, it could be concluded that seed priming with combined application of PSB + Rhizobium  for 4 hours exhibited better performance in seed quality, yield and its attributing characters as compared to other treatments under field and laboratory conditions. From this investigation, combined application of PSB @10g/kg + Rhizobium  @ 20g/kg may be promoted for future recommendation as a seed priming treatment in peas. Therefore, it may be suggested to treat the seeds with bio-formulation for better seed production and seed yield in garden peas.

 

Author (s) Details

C. Sarma
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.

 

G C Bora
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.

 

S. D. Deka
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.

 

P. K. Goswami
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v5/3096 

The Potential Role of Plants Growth Promoting Rhizobium Species from Organic Base Bio Fertilizer Production from Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria: A Sustainable Approach for Developing Countries | Chapter 12 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5

Purpose: One of the challenges of globalization to developing countries is how to increase agricultural production that will take care of the rapid increase in population. This can be achieved by the use of plant growth promoting rhizobium (PGPR) which are various species of beneficial microorganisms grown in the rhizosphere, participating in nutrient cycling and the production of plant growth promoting substances.

 

Aim: The present study highlights the potential role of plants growth promoting rhizobium species from organic base bio fertilizer production from nitrogen fixing bacteria.

 

Methodology: Soil samples were collected from 12 sites, four from each of the study areas viz; NARICT farm land, Yankusa Land fill, and Sakadadi agricultural farm land. The total chromium content was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Physiochemical analysis of the contaminated and control landfills were also determined. The parameters determined were color, odor, pH, temperature, Nitrogen, % potassium and % phosphorus etc.

 

Results: All parameters were found to be higher than the WHO limit except % Nitrogen, % Potassium and % Phosphorus that falls beyond. Further investigations were carried out to checkmate the proximate analysis of some nutritional values of Chemical fertilizer A and B as control while C for biofertilizer (treated) Most of the results computed shows there were significantly higher values in both macronutrient and micronutrient in Biofertilizer(C) production than those of the Chemical fertilizer (A and B). In view of the current investigation, bacteria isolate like those of (Rhizobium sp.) namely; Rhizobium japonicum, Rhizobium lupine etc., were isolated as nitrogen fixing bacteria from root nodules of soya bean. Thus identification, and characterization rhizobia sp. for the production of biofertilizer in selective modified (MYEMA) through which propagation of bacteria mass cells were accentuated in-situ: To this effect, the propagated mass cells of the bacteria were therefore meticulously and circumspectly mixed with multiple carrier base materials; for further utilization in the soils to increase its nutrient quality naturally after combining it with the soil. For nitrogen is one of the important components which acts as a building blocks of most biomolecules, but this inert nitrogen cannot be utilized by plants so the Rhizobium bacteria helps to fix the atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia which can be utilized by plants.

 

Novelty: In view of this study the production of biofertilizer from nitrogen fixing bacterial strains as well as utilizing them in the organic farming is a well come development that would protect and sub guide both develop and developing countries from decay as well as maintaining self-reliance (prestige)( no more Aligo Dangote Chemical fertilizer recipe( unhealthy to human organelles) that is only depended on mass importation, and thereby given credit to other men countries. Thus, naira value has drastically fallen down 1 US Dollar is equivalent to 900 naira only or so.

Author(s) Details:

Silas David Emmanuel,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Tudun Wada, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

I. M. Bugaje,
National Board for Technical Education (NBTE), Nigeria.

E. M. Okonkwo,
Former DG/CEO NARICT Basawa Zaria, Nigeria.

S. Umar,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Tudun Wada, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

M. Tanimu,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Tudun Wada, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

M. C. Adeyeye,
National Agency for Food, Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACAS-V5/article/view/13918

Microsymbionts Isolated from Pea Root Nodules – the Study of Population Diversity | Chapter 2 | Current Research Trends in Biological Science Vol. 2

Aims: The study of strains belonging to local rhizobial population, concerning their diversity in the genetic, metabolic and symbiotic properties, and their prevalence in the microsymbiont population. Methodology: 257 rhizobial isolates recovered from nodules of five pea (Pisum sativum cv. Ramrod) plants grown at one site were classified using PCR-RFLP analysis of 16-23S rRNA ITS. After that, for representative group of 55 strains, 16-23S rRNA ITS region was sequenced, nodA-F region was analyzed by PCR-RFLP and sequencing, metabolic capabilities were studied using Biolog`s and growth tests and symbiotic performance in plant tests were assayed. Results: Individual plants were infected by numerous and diverse strains, however, in the entire sampled population of microsymbionts, only three large clusters of strains (one similar to Rhizobium pisi and two similar to Rhizobium leguminosarum) could be distinguished on the basis of PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses of 16S-23S rRNA ITS region. Rhizobium strains belonging to different groups varied in plasmid number and the amount of plasmid DNA, utilization of carbon and energy sources, growth on soil extract-based media and the ability for symbiotic plant growth promotion. The most numerous group of the isolates was characterized by the high plasmid DNA content, low number of utilized sugar substrates, and comprised numerous strains with low symbiotic efficiency. Conclusion: Sampled population of pea microsymbionts had its own characteristic structure with clearly distinguishable sub-populations, composed of numerous strains - probably descendants of a few old lineages, which diversified in the lapse of time. These strains are still competing during root nodule colonization, resulting in the symbiosis of individual pea plants with broad spectrum of different Rhizobium strains. 

Author(s) Details

Jerzy Wielbo
Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/188