Synthesis and Sensing Behavior of Pure and Doped BaTiO₃ | Chapter 3 | Chemical and Materials Sciences: Research Findings Vol. 1

Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) is a widely studied perovskite material with exceptional ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties, making it highly suitable for sensing applications. Its perovskite structure enables spontaneous polarization, tunable bandgap, and high dielectric permittivity. Doping BaTiO₃ with transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni) and rare-earth elements (La, Sc, Gd) significantly enhances its electrical properties, oxygen vacancy concentration, and stability, improving its gas, humidity, and temperature sensing capabilities. Various synthesis techniques, including solid-state reaction, sol-gel, hydrothermal, and co-precipitation methods, influence BaTiO₃’s structural and functional properties. Doping alters charge transport, defect chemistry, and adsorption characteristics, optimizing its sensing performance. Gas sensing in BaTiO₃ is governed by surface interactions, electron transfer mechanisms, and defect-induced conductivity changes. Its ability to detect CO₂, NH₃, and H₂ is enhanced by specific dopants that modulate electronic states and oxygen vacancy formation. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties enable BaTiO₃’s use in pressure sensors, energy harvesters, and actuators, where mechanical stress induces charge generation. Doping improves domain wall mobility and response time, increasing its sensitivity and reliability. Comparative analysis shows doped BaTiO₃ outperforms pure BaTiO₃ in selectivity, response time, and sensing efficiency.

 

Author (s) Details

Ganesh Malik
Nano Innovation Laboratory, School of IKST, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India.

 

Tanushree Das
Nano Innovation Laboratory, School of IKST, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India.

 

Yasobanta Das
Department of Chemistry, School of IKST, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India.

 

Srinibas Panda
Department of Physics, School of IKST, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India.

 

Bikram Keshari Das
Nano Innovation Laboratory, School of IKST, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsrf/v1/4299

Energy Generation and Intracellular Communication due to Thermal Fluctuation Induced Piezoelectric Effect in Cytoskeletal Microtubules: A Theoretical Approach | Chapter 4 | Recent Advances in Science and Technology Research Vol.3

Cytoskeletal microtubules have long been conjectured to have piezoelectric properties. They have
been shown to behave as nematic liquid crystals which oscillate along their director axis due to the
prevalent thermal fluctuations. In this work, we develop a theoretical model of the mechanics of
microtubules in the cytosolic space based on the buckling of its structure due to these thermal
fluctuations. This cytosolic space has been considered as a viscoelastic medium in which microtubule
oscillations have been considered. As a result of resilience of cytosol and neighbouring filaments from
the axial force due to thermal fluctuations, the surface traction acting laterally on the microtubule
structure has been further used to elucidate its piezoelectric behaviour in vivo. After the piezoelectric
properties induced by thermal fluctuations (in addition to the buckling) of microtubules have been
discussed, we propose a model discussing how microtubules behave as energy harvesters and
communicate via electromagnetic radiation, with each other, in an intracellular environment.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Arindam Kushagra
Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Kolkata-700135, India.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/218