Current and Potential Pharmacological Targets for Therapeutic Intervention in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Chapter 5 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

Despite significant advancements in the treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC), it remains a significant global public health challenge. HNSCC is a complex cancer affecting the upper aero-digestive tract. Current cancer treatment strategies involve using anticancer drugs to target proteins with abnormal expression. Researchers are exploring novel cancer targets based on a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in intracellular processes. Therapeutic options targeting these specific targets, such as Cetuximab, Pembrolizumab, and Nivolumab, are currently available or under development. With advancing knowledge of molecular mechanisms, there is a growing opportunity to identify and exploit new drug targets for HNSCC. Although targeted chemotherapy has shown some success in treating HNSCC, the survival rates and recurrence rates have not improved significantly due to several challenges. These challenges include undesirable reactions to chemotherapy, lack of specificity of drugs, drug resistance, and toxicity to non-cancerous tissues and cells. Researchers have conducted extensive studies to identify effective drug targets for HNSCC treatment. This chapter provides valuable insights into these promising anticancer targets and details the drugs currently under various stages of development. Moreover, it also explores new potential targets that have not been explored in much detail for their impact on HNSCC. We believe that investigating and developing drugs targeting these new potential targets could be beneficial in the treatment of HNSCC.

Author(s) Details:

Geet Madhukar,
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Rd., Durham, NH 03824, USA.

Naidu Subbarao,
School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India. 

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12723

Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury | Book Publisher International

 Ischemic stroke is characterised by ischemia-reperfusion damage, which happens when blood flow is restored after a period of ischemia. Thrombolysis with thrombolytic reagents such tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or mechanical removal can be used to restore blood flow. Ischemia causes inflammation by causing the production of Nf-kb, adhesion molecules, and the upregulation of toll-like receptors, whereas reperfusion causes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the opening of the mitochondrial pore, inflammation, and apoptosis. Nrf2 has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects through boosting gene expression of anti-oxidant components. Furthermore, Nrf2 activators were discovered to suppress HMGB1-induced inflammation and ROS-induced brain injury, as well as to minimise p38 MAPK overexpression, which can lower NF-kB expression.

Author(s) Detalis

Najah R. Hadi
Faculty of Medicine University of Kufa, Iraq.

Saif M. Hassan
Pharmacology and therapeutics, Al Zahrawi University College, Iraq.

Mahmood J. Jawad
Pharmacology and therapeutics, Al Zahrawi University College, Iraq.

Wajdy Alawaida
Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba, Jordan, P. O. Box: 2882 Amman 11821 Jordan.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CIRI/article/view/2096

Focusing on the Molecular Aspects and New Biochemical Pathways Underlying Ozone Effects | Chapter 13 | Trends in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol.4

 

Oxygen and oxidative stress are key factors for all the living matter on our planet. It is obvious that all
the cells of these organisms must be provided of adequate protections either for the control of the
oxygen concentrations or for the excess of the oxidative stress. Thus, it is not surprising that the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 was awarded jointly to William G. Kaelin Jr, Sir Peter J.
Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza "for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen
availability". No less important is the role of an excess of oxidative stress which could derive from an
imbalance between the production of energy in the mitochondria, with a consequent increase in free
radicals, and the antioxidant capability of our cells. In recent scientific literatures, it is emerging the
possibility that ozone could upregulate the Nrf2 pathway related to the oxidative stress, thus indicating
a rational explanation of its surprising effects induced at low doses in humans. Furthermore, it could
be of paramount importance for the control of the aging process, reducing or ameliorating the
deleterious effects of oxidative stress.

Author (s) Details

Lamberto Re,
Pharmacology Department at the University of Ancona, Italy and The Scientific Advisory Board of WFOT (www.wfoot.org), Italy and Medinat Clinic, Camerano (www.medinatsrl.com), Italy.

View Book :-  http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/269