Assessment of Deltamethrin Toxicity and Behavioral Effects in Albino Rats | Chapter 3 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 8

 Background: The present study investigated the deleterious effects on behavior in albino rats, including motor coordination abilities and overall activity. Deltamethrin is a commonly used synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, so understanding its potential effects on both humans and animals is crucial for ensuring safety in agricultural, residential, and public health settings. Comprehensive studies on its toxicological and behavioral impacts can contribute to risk assessments, regulatory decisions, and the development of safety guidelines and mitigation strategies.

 

Methods: Deltamethrin was administered intraperitoneal in adult wistar albino rats (250- 270 gm), in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/ body weight for a month. All rats were observed for behavioral and toxicological symptoms. Body weight and rectal temperature were measured. The open field behavior, social interaction test, landing foot splay, and forelimb and hindlimb grip test for neuromuscular function were done.

 

Results: Present study showed reduced locomotors activity but not motor coordination. In this respect, the most important response to increased emotionality in the open field is freezing behavior, with a consequent decrease in locomotion frequency parallel to an increase in immobility. Experimental rats showed signs of mild to moderate variety of behavior and toxicological symptoms characterized by decreased food intake and salivation, motor incoordination, looping, weaving etc. Deltamethrin treated rats showed statistical significant decrease in body weight. There was decreased locomotor and rearing frequency but increased duration of immobility. The social interaction was decreased and large foot angle was seen in treated rats. Delayed onset of reflexes was also observed.

 

Conclusion: The present study, thus, shows a great deal of variability in the toxicity and motor coordination in deltamethrin exposed rats. Deltamethrin treated rats exhibited significant deficits in motor abilities, coordination, and overall activity, as measured by footprint analysis and open field indicate that exposure to deltamethrin can have long-lasting motor and cognitive consequences.

Author(s) Details:

Anil Kumar,
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University, Sohar, Al Tareef, P.O. Box: 391, Sultanate of Oman.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V8/article/view/13966

Development of Motor Coordination and Manual Response in Alpine Skiing Through Mental Training | Chapter 15 | Modern Perspectives in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 6

 The purpose of this research was to see how mental training changed athletes' attention and motor response (skiers). The subjects studied range in age from 12 to 161. Athletes are members of school sports clubs' ski groups. The experimental group includes athletes from Gheorgheni and Baia-Sprie, whereas the control group includes athletes from Topliţa, Sibiu, Predeal, and Sinaia. In this study, we looked at how mental training affected the increase in focused attention and physical reaction in skiers. Knocking the poles is a well-known alpine skiing technique. The ACRM (focused attention with manual response) test, which is designed specifically for alpine skiing, provides information on the ability to focus attention in activities with a set speed and a dynamic field of observations. The results of these tests were compared to those of the control group after the experimental group had undergone mental training. SPSS 15.0 was used to conduct the analysis. To determine if the (control and experimental) groups are similar before the intervention, we used ANOVA for the VP, EP, and EX pretest measurements to compare means between the groups of subjects. Mental imagery techniques are used to improve specific parts of alpine skiing technique that rely on hand-eye coordination. In addition, to see if the intervention had any effect, we calculated a t test for dependent samples, both pretest and posttest, for VP, EP, and EX. The results show a statistically significant difference in the scores for VP, EP, and EX after the intervention: p=.000 0.05 and p=.0010.05, respectively. It's worth noticing the following markers among the results of this test: EP – perception accuracy = number of errors, VP – perception speed = number of omissions Focused attention, for example, equals correct answers /150+ incorrect responses. Conclusion: Based on the statistical significance of the results of the tests given to the groups in our study, it can be concluded that mental training through mental imagery enhanced the experimental group's outcomes in focused attention and manual reaction. As evidenced by an analysis of competitions held in January 2015, these findings determine higher athletic performance in the groups analysed.

Author (s) Details

Emilia Florina Grosu
Department of Individual Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Babeș – Bolyai University”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Vlad Teodor Grosu
Department of Mechatronics and Machine Dynamics, Faculty of Mechatronics, Technical University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/MPLLE-V6/article/view/2318