The Influence of Pharmacist-Led Initiatives on Hypertension Care | Chapter 1 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 3

 

Background: In India, the incidence of hypertension is increasing hastily, especially in urban areas. Change in lifestyle and diet along with poor awareness and control is regarded as the main factors influencing the emergence of the condition at a high rate.

 

Objective: The study aimed to analyze the effect of pharmacist interventions in improving blood pressure control.

 

Methods: The prospective interventional study was conducted on a known hypertensive population for more than 2 years. They were randomly categorized into two groups, the interventional group and the usual care group. Pharmaceutical care, involving telephonic follow-up, adherence analysis, and patient education was given in the former group in a time interval of 2 months for about 12 months while the latter was on regular therapeutical care only. In every follow-up period, the pharmacist recorded blood pressure for the usual care group while the interventional group was on constant observation. The difference in blood pressure control was measured in terms of mm/Hg unit. The improvement in the measure from the start and end of the study was analyzed within the group and between the groups. The statistical difference in blood pressure within the group at the start and end of the study and the significance between the two groups was analyzed using SAS Software.

 

Results: The systolic pressures reduced from 141 mmHg to 126 mm Hg in the intervention group and from 142 mm Hg to 134 mm Hg in the usual care group. Similarly, the diastolic pressure decreased from 91 mmHg to 82 mmHg and from 91 mmHg to 86 mmHg in the interventional and usual care group, respectively. Low blood pressure was observed in both groups at the end of the study. However, a statistically significant difference was seen in the interventional group compared to the other. The involvement of pharmacist-led initiatives in hypertensive care helped in the achievement of the AHA (American Heart Association) goal.

 

Conclusions: Including clinical pharmacists in a healthcare team can provide an unerring therapeutic regimen to patients, and lead to overall improvement of patient health.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Anju Sarah Mathews
Institute of Pharmacy, PES University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Sreshi Kumari
Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v3/1276

Determining the Impact of Clinical Pharmacist-Provided Patient Education on Quality of Life (QOL) Outcome in Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Population | Chapter 10 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 7

 Background: Throughout the world one of the major causes of complex problems and impairments is diabetes mellitus. In order to maintain the glycemic level good knowledge is therefore normally highly important. Diabetes management is an essential component that has a direct impact on a patient's quality of life.

The primary goal of the study is to determine how patient education delivered by clinical pharmacists affects quality-of-life results.

Methodology: In a tertiary care hospital's general medicine division a prospective randomised control trial was carried out. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria patients were enrolled and randomised into control and intervention groups. From the baseline a total of three follow-ups were conducted. Both groups received questionnaires and blood glucose readings at each check-up. At each stage of the intervention provide the intervention group a patient information leaflet (PIL) and at the final follow-up give the control group formal counselling. Observations and Discussion One hundred thirteen patients in all were enrolled. In comparison to the control group there was a statistically significant improvement in the intervention group's QOL KAP and adherence scores (P value 0.05). A Significant change in blood glucose levels was observed in the intervention group but not in the control group. The study's findings suggest that pharmacists are crucial in helping patients learn how to maintain their quality of life.

Author(s) Details:

K. V. Ramanath
Department of Pharmacy Practice SAC College of Pharmacy B.G.Nagara India and Suryadatta college of Pharmacy healthcare & Research (SCPHR) Pune Maharastra India.

Y. L. Santhosh
Department of Pharmacy Practice SAC College of Pharmacy B.G.Nagara India and Suryadatta college of Pharmacy healthcare & Research (SCPHR) Pune Maharastra India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V7/article/view/8373

A Cross-sectional Study on Medication Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus| Chapter 2 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 9

Background and Goals: Diabetes is a chronic illness that necessitates long-term treatment. Anti-diabetic drug non-adherence results in inadequate glycemic control, which can lead to treatment failures, complications, and increased mortality. The study's goal was to examine medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the goal was to assess adherence to therapy and investigate factors linked to nonadherence and adherence. Materials and methods: A six-month cross-sectional observational study was undertaken at three hospitals. A total of 200 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled, all of whom had been on anti-diabetic medication for at least 6 months. The patient's blood glucose was measured, and the details of his or her pharmacological therapy were recorded. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale was used to assess medication adherence, and adherence scores were calculated. Only 15% of people had a high level of medication adherence, while 24% had a moderate level and 61% had a low one. Only 30% of participants had adequately managed glycemic levels, while 70% had uncontrolled glycemic levels. Type II patients with uncontrolled glycemic levels had lower medication adherence scores (indicating worse adherence) than those with optimally controlled glycemic levels, although this difference was not statistically significant. Overall, medication adherence was low in type II diabetes patients. Interpretation and Conclusion: The findings show that better patient counselling and health education are required to enhance drug adherence. Adherent patients are more likely to attain glycemic control than non-adherent patients, despite the fact that the majority of patients were on medication. To enhance patient outcomes, more efforts are needed to support diabetic self-management behaviours. There is a need to check patient adherence to medication on a frequent basis and take actions to increase adherence to anti-diabetic medications. As a result, patient counselling and health education regarding drug adherence are essential.

Author (s) Details

Dr. T. Prathyusha Rani
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Telanagana, India.

B. Prashanthi
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Vaagdevi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Telanagana, India.

Ayesha Amreen Fathima
Sri Indu Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Telanagana, India.

Dr. Ayesha Firdose
Sri Indu Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Telanagana, India.

Sara Naser
Sri Indu Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Telanagana, India.

Mohammed Najma Unnisa
Sri Indu Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Telanagana, India.

Dr. Kauser Begum
Sri Indu Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Telanagana, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V9/article/view/2515

An Overview on the Medication Adherence Measures | Chapter 2 | Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science Vol. 7

 Adherence to medication is a vital aspect of patient care and important for achieving clinical goals. The WHO has recorded that in developing countries, adherence among patients with chronic diseases averages just 50 percent. As medication non-adherence contributes to poor health outcomes and increased healthcare costs, this is recognised as a major public health concern. Improving adherence to medication is therefore important and revealed in several studies, indicating that interventions can enhance adherence to medication. Knowing its magnitude is one critical part of the techniques to strengthen drug adherence. However, in order to orchestrate subsequent interventions, there is a lack of general guidelines for researchers and healthcare professionals to choose the best instruments that can investigate the level of medication adherence and the reasons behind this issue. This paper reviews both subjective and quantitative adherence measures to medication, including direct measures, those requiring secondary examination of databases, devices for electronic medication packaging (EMP), pill count, observations of clinicians and self-reports. In general, subjective measures offer reasons for patient non-adherence, while quantitative measures lead to a more reliable record of the actions of patients taking medication. Researchers and healthcare professionals should balance reliability and practicality, especially cost-effectiveness, for their purposes, when selecting an appropriate approach. Meanwhile, since there is no perfect measure, the best solution actually seems to be a multi-measure approach. This research should be able to provide clinicians with a general direction for selecting the most appropriate steps for their priorities and then providing reliable, personalised approaches to change the conduct of patients taking medication.

Author(s) Details

Wai Yin Lam
UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.

Paula Fresco

Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/361