Exploring the Use of Manual Liquid Based Cytology, Cell Block with Immunomarkers p16/ki67, VIA and HPV DNA Testing as a Strategy for Cervical Cancer Screening in LMIC: A Prospective Study | Chapter 12 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 1

 Cervical cancer is the fourth most prevalent cancer in women in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Cervical cancer can be detected using a variety of methods, including the traditional Pap smear (CPS), Liquid Based Cytology, and supplemental techniques including Cell Block with immunocytochemistry. The VIA is another technique that is being advocated as a crucial screening tool. Screening efforts have centred on HPV DNA testing and other molecular diagnostics.

All of the following strategies were employed in this study to investigate if they could be useful in clinical settings using cost-effective in-house procedures. In view of the need for more work and personnel training in order to improve cervical cancer diagnosis, we found them useful. There is a need for a standardised policy for screening women at primary health care centres, as well as increased public awareness of the various approaches.

Author(S) Details

Nandini Nandish Manoli
Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, 570015, India and Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research,570015, India.

Devananda Devegowda
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research,570015, India.

Ashoka Varshini
Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, 570015, India.

Pushkal Sinduvadi Ramesh
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research,570015, India.

Sherin Susheel Mathew
Department of Pathology, Dr. Somervell Memorial Church of South India Medical College, 695504, India.

Nandish Siddappa Manoli
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, 570015, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V1/article/view/4077

Study of Manual Liquid Based Cytology in Diagnosis of Gynecologic Pathology | Chapter 5 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 2

 In the gynaecology department, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common problem. In affluent countries, endometrial cancer is the fourth most prevalent cancer in women and the most common gynaecological cancer. Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women worldwide, following breast, colorectal, and lung cancers, with 5,28, 000 new cases per year. Despite the fact that cytological examination has been the gold standard for early identification of cervical cancer and has been found to be beneficial in the detection of endometrial cancer, its widespread application in underdeveloped countries has been impossible due to a lack of resources. personnel and other resources When there is concealing blood, inflammation, or thick patches of overlapping epithelial cells, its sensitivity drops to less than 50%. Manual Liquid Based Cytology (MLBC) is a low-cost method for suspending cells in a monolayer, which improves the detection of precursor lesions and specimen adequacy. Other tests, such as Cell block and immunocytochemistry, can be performed with the leftover sample.

1. To enhance the diagnosis of gynaecological cancers using a technique known as Manual Liquid Based Cytology (MLBC). 2. To investigate a low-cost strategy of researching both endometrial and cervical cancer using supplementary techniques such as cellblocking and immunocytochemistry. 3To compare the results of conventional pap smear (CPS) and MLBC in detecting endometrial and cervical gynaecological disorders.

Methodology: Ayres spatula was used to collect samples from the transition zone of the cervix, which included outpatients from the gynaecological department. The women were between the ages of 20 and 60, and 82 instances with a history of bleeding were chosen to examine endometrial pathology, while 100 cases of white discharge per vaginal were chosen to study cervix pathology. A total of 60 patients were then subjected to ancillary testing, such as cellblocking and immunocytochemistry. Wherever possible, histopathological correlation was performed on instances.

The endometruim investigation found that MLBC is more sensitive and specific than CPS in detecting malignant lesions. LBC/Histopathology vs CPS/Histopathology had a contingency coefficient of 0.572 vs 0.556. The enhanced detection rate for low grade intraepithelial lesion was found to be 150 percent for cervical lesion. The positive predictive value for diagnosing neoplastic lesions on cell blocks was 75%, and the CB/Histopathology Vs CPS/Histopathology Concordance Rate was 74% vs. 54%.

Conclusion: MLBC is a low-cost approach for detecting malignant endometrial and cervical lesions. It has been found to aid in the detection of infection and neoplastic diseases of the female genital tract in both endometrial and cervical cytology.

Author (S) Details

Nandini N. Manoli
Department of Pathology, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara Medical College, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara University, Mysore Karnataka, India.

Nandish S. Manoli
Department of OBG, JSS Medical College, JSS University, Mysore Karnataka, India.

Lopamudra Kakoti
Department of Pathology, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara Medical College, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara University, Mysore Karnataka, India.

Akshata Kamath
Department of Pathology, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara Medical College, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara University, Mysore Karnataka, India.

Shweta Kulkarni
Department of Pathology, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara Medical College, Jagadguru Shri Shivarathreswara University, Mysore Karnataka, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V2/article/view/2678