Machine Learning Approaches for Gender Identification Using Fingerprint Biometrics: Role of Ridge Flow, Minutiae, and Multi-resolution DWT Features | Chapter 2 | New Horizons of Science, Technology and Culture Vol. 3

Fingerprints serve as an extraordinary biological signature that encapsulates both identity and subtle gender-specific characteristics through their complex structural and spectral properties. This study introduces an advanced computational framework for gender classification by synergistically combining three distinct fingerprint feature domains: ridge geometry for macroscopic pattern analysis, minutiae distribution for microscopic feature examination, and frequency decomposition through sophisticated wavelet transformation. The methodology processes high-resolution fingerprint images through a multi-stage analytical pipeline that precisely quantifies ridge length variations (capturing minimum, maximum, and average measurements), systematically enumerates minutiae points (including ridge terminations and bifurcations), and performs multi-resolution spectral analysis using a six-level discrete wavelet transform to isolate discriminative frequency components. Validated on a carefully balanced dataset of 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females), the extracted features are intelligently organised into gender-specific clusters through an optimised stratification process, yielding an impressive overall classification accuracy of 88.28%. Notably, the right ring finger demonstrated exceptional diagnostic performance with 95.46% accuracy, a finding consistent with established embryological research on androgen-influenced ridge formation patterns. The technical sophistication of this approach lies in its ability to achieve high accuracy without relying on computationally intensive deep learning architectures, making it particularly suitable for real-world applications where efficiency is crucial. Beyond its immediate results, this research opens promising avenues for future investigation, including the incorporation of additional discriminative features such as sweat pore distribution and three-dimensional ridge curvature analysis, as well as expansion to larger, more diverse demographic datasets to enhance generalizability. By demonstrating that fingerprints contain a wealth of underutilised gender information, this work makes a significant contribution to the field of soft biometrics, with important implications for forensic science, security systems, and demographic research, while simultaneously establishing a foundation for future exploration of ancillary biometric markers embedded within fingerprint patterns. The balanced integration of robust methodology, empirical validation, and practical applicability positions this research as a valuable reference point for both academic investigation and applied biometric solutions, bridging the gap between theoretical innovation and real-world implementation in the evolving landscape of gender classification technologies.

 

Author(s) Details

Sayed Abulhasan Quadri
SECAB Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapura, India.

 

Chandrakant P. Divate
SECAB Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapura, India.

Tabasum Guledgudd
SECAB Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapura, India.

Sayed Abdulhayan
PACE College, Mangalore, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nhstc/v3/5745

Response of Nafion to Contact with Ketone Like Substances | Chapter 1 | Current Topics and Emerging Issues in Materials Sciences Vol. 1

 Nafion is a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-located fluoropolymer-copolymer, which is an wonderful material for fuel cell membranes. This widely used copolymer has happened investigated for decades, but it has happened hardly considered as a impressionable layer to basic vapours, but only as a conductor of electricity. However, allure sensitive characteristics make it an interesting material for sensor uses. Indeed, the mass production concerning this material open new developments to design reliable and inferior sensors, useful for military, industrialized and medical applications. In this work, we study Nafion (and finally other ionomers) tangible and transport response when it enters in contact with ketone vapours, on the outlook to design new chemical sensors, shorter and cheaper.This work shows the feasibility to employ sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer-copolymer, commercially popular as Nafion, as a sensible coating on sensors to detect organic solvent such as ketones. The discovery and evaluation of ketone corpuses is very important for diversified applications on cure, specially to detect and judge Diabetes Mellitus from the breath of subjects. Nafion is a very stable copolymer, easily accessible and relatively cheap. This allows us to envision the feasibility of having vulgar and reliable sensors to detect vapours of these elements based on this copolymer. The main result of the work is that; Nafion can protonate gaseous ions from basic solvents, such as acetone and complementary substances, that modify its energetic properties, giving a differentiated behavior in accordance with the chemical type of these substances, which keep lead to their labeling, designing an electrical nose, cause each behaviour is a fingerprint of the element to detect. Then this material can be secondhand in the design of electrical sensors, that can be low-cost, trustworthy, and chemically stable, acting as an agent an excellent alternative to ceramic sensors.

Author(s) Details:

Ing. Miguel Alonso Orozco Alvarado,
Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes No. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Mexico.

Nancy Janeth Navarro Torres,
Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes No. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Mexico.

Alfredo Marquez Lucero,
Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes No. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Mexico.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTEIMS-V1/article/view/10308

Normalized Coefficients Online Signature Verification System Minimizing the Effect of Age of the Person | Chapter 8 | Research Highlights in Mathematics and Computer Science Vol. 8

 Signature proof is one of the most established methods for woman identification. The handwritten signs are used in differing applications like banker’s checks, the credit and debit cards circulated by banks and various legal documents. The time determinant plays an important function in the framing of signature of an individual man. Signatures can be top-secret as: offline signature verification and connected to the internet signature proof. In this paper a time independent sign verification using normalized burden coefficients is presented. Results show that the use of burden coefficients makes the verification structure independent of the guy’s age and FAR and FRR, can be improved considerably.

Author(s) Details:

Manas Singhal,
Department of E&C Engineering, Moradabad Institute of Technology, Moradabad, UP, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHMCS-V8/article/view/10196

Study on Liveness Detection for Fingerprint Biometrics | Chapter 3 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 10

 

The practise of automatically identifying persons based on their biological and behavioural characteristics is known as biometrics. Systems for biometric security are often employed. They are used for both commercial and forensic applications. Fingerprint recognition is the most widely utilised biometric technology for personal identification systems since it is permanent and unique. Biometric systems, however, are susceptible to specific types of assaults. A biometric system is tricked by an unauthorised individual using a phoney input that looks exactly like one of the authorised person's biometric inputs. This is known as spoofing. Liveness detection gives biometrics an additional level of protection. It is employed to avoid forgeries. The signature By evaluating the fingerprint's ridge quality characteristics, liveness is detected. This technique is software-based and does not require any additional hardware.

Author(s) Details:

G. Arunalatha,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Perunthalaivar Kamarajar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Karaikal, Puducherry, India.

M. Ezhilarasan,
Department of Information Technology, Puducherry Technological University, Puducherry, India.
 

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V10/article/view/7716