Understanding the Application of the Discrete Element Method for Modelling Lithium-ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles: A Critical Review | Chapter 6 | Engineering Research: Perspectives on Recent Advances Vol. 12

 

Lithium-ion batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that uses lithium as a storage and energy generator. These batteries work by transferring lithium ions between a cathode and an anode through an electrolyte, generating energy during discharge and storing lithium during charging. Lithium-ion batteries have transformed the foundations of the world's infrastructure. From energy production to electricity distribution, the transportation of people and goods, and the operation of computing devices and even the internet. This scenario was analysed during the aforementioned conference, where the latest innovations in the battery field—sodium, cobalt-free, and even solid-state batteries—were the main focus of the event. The purpose of this project is the application of the discrete element method (DEM) for the realisation of a particle model based on the electrode material of the lithium-ion batteries in electric cars, trying to solve the main problems they present during charging and discharging, since these directly affect the lifetime of the same. The study concluded that the model developed has reliable foundations that can be implemented and, in turn, improved to obtain more accurate results.

 

 

Author(s) Details.

 

Fernández Gómez Tomas

Mexico National Technological/Orizaba Institute of Technology, Veracruz, Mexico.

 

Rivera Macias Berenice

Mexico National Technological/Orizaba Institute of Technology, Veracruz, Mexico.

 

Felipe Ruiz Veronica
Mexico National Technological/Orizaba Institute of Technology, Veracruz, Mexico.

 

Fernández Pérez Vladimir D.
Mexico National Technological/Orizaba Institute of Technology, Veracruz, Mexico.

 

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/erpra/v12/6863

Electric Field Distribution Study of Hexagonal and Pentagonal Electrode Geometries | Chapter 18 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 2

 The fact that over 9 million people died from cancer in 2018, with a further 10 million expected in 2020, demonstrates that present treatments are insufficient; there is an urgent and critical need for additional/alternative physical therapy. Electrochemotherapy, a type of electroporation-based chemotherapy, is becoming more popular. This entails delivering high-intensity, short-duration pulses to the tumour site, which increases biopotential across the cell plasma membrane's phospholipid bilayers and so opens up pores for increased uptake. The electrode geometry, size, material, and tissue treated all influence the intensity and distribution of the electric field.   The effect of different electrodes on the electric field intensity and distribution was explored in this study. Platinum and surgical steel needle array hexagonal and pentagonal electrodes were employed for this purpose. The electric field distribution, intensity, and contour were studied using ANSYS, an industry standard software that employs the finite element approach. The electric field intensity and distribution were measured in both healthy and malignant tissue utilising these varied electrode designs and materials for unipolar and bipolar voltages.   The results show that the electric field distribution is similar for both electrodes, in terms of magnitude and pattern, for both configurations and materials, which is desirable from a clinical standpoint. In the instance of tumour tissue, the electric field intensities for the hexagonal and pentagonal needle electrodes were 1280V/cm and 1180V/cm, respectively (which corresponded to the intended level of 1200V/cm). In the case of healthy tissues, they were 835V/cm and 843V/cm for these electrodes. In the case of bipotential and negative voltages, the values were also the same.

Author (S) Details 

Raja Prabu Ramachandran
B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai 600048, India and Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam-530045, India.

Vishveswaran Jothi
B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai 600048, India.

Mohamed I. Neamathulla
B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai 600048, India.

Sadasivam Pachamuthu
B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai 600048, India.

Kavitha Sankaranarayanan
AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai, India.

Raji Sundararajan
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V2/article/view/4289

  

An Approach of QRS Detection Using Fractional Order Digital Differentiators | Chapter 15 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 16

The detection of the QRS complex is a key step in heart rate variability analysis. It has been demonstrated that methods based on differentiation are efficient and thus suitable for real-time analysis. Simultaneously, fractional order digital differentiators are gaining popularity in a variety of fields of study. The proposed transfer functions of digital differentiators are used in this research to attempt to detect QRS complexes. The Continued Fraction Expansion Method is used to obtain the transfer functions in the s domain. For discretization, the Bilinear Transform and the AlAlaoui Transform are used. QRS complexes are detected with the help of these filters. The outcome has been shown to be comparable to traditional methods.

Author (S) Details

B. T. Krishna
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, University College of Engineering Kakinada, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, 533003, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V16/article/view/2400