Electrophoretic Banding Patterns of Esterase Isozymes of Fresh Water Fish [Channa punctatus (Bloch)] | Chapter 10 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 5

 

Pesticides find a potential application in agriculture, combating pest and enhancing productivity. But on the reared, pesticides find their way into aquatic habitats such as rivers, lakes and ponds, thereby affecting aquatic flora and fauna. These pesticides cause significant variation in esterase Isozyme patterns particularly in fish. The present investigation was focused on   the electrophoretic banding patterns of esterase Isozyme in gill, liver, and brain tissues of the freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) at different time intervals i.e. 24H, 48H, 72 H and 96 hrs after exposure of Malathion to those compared with control group, the quantitative analysis of the esterase Isozymes were performed by using 7.5 % of native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and stained with α-naphthyl acetate as substrate. The relative motilities (Rm) of three esterase isozyme bands in gill, liver, brain tissue were observed to be 0.60±0.05, 0.4±0.5. and 0.30±0.05 and bands were designated as Est-1, Est-2, and Est-3, respectively. Compared to control group, both Est 2 and Est-3 esterase isozyme bands in gill and liver tissue were eliminated on exposure to

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Venkateswara Rao Mandalapu
Department of Zoology, SR and BGNR Government Arts and Science College, Khammam, Telangana-507002, India.

 

Venkaiah Yanamala
Department of Zoology, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana State, Telangana-506009, India.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v5/8061E

Detection of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 as Biomarkers of Cypermethrin Toxicity in Fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch) | Chapter 14 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 3

 Because of its high efficacy against target pests, cypermethrin, being a synthetic pyrethroid, is one of the most commonly used pesticides in commercial agricultural applications. It is also extremely toxic to other non-target organisms, such as fish, bees and aquatic insects, in addition to its target toxicity. In this analysis, Channa punctatus was treated with sublethal cypermethrin concentrations (6.6 μg/L) over 5, 10 and 15 days and measured its effect on total CYP 450 and hepatic CYP450 isoform function. Total CYP450 content and CYP1A-mediated EROD activity were significantly induced (p<0.05; p<0.01) compared to control in all three treated groups, while significant induction was observed in CYP2B-mediated N,N-dimethylaniline demethylase activity (p<0.05) in the 15-day treated group only. Aniline hydroxylase activity mediated by CYP2E1 showed only a small increase, whereas erythromycin demethylase activity mediated by CYP3A4 was significantly inhibited (p<0.05; p<0.01). A marginal improvement in all the treated classes was also seen in the liver somatic index (LSI). Differential induction of CYP1A, CYP2B, CYP2E1 and inhibition of CYP3A4 isoform due to C treatment with cypermethrin were seen in the results. From punctatus. Comparisons of control and hepatic microsomes exposed to cypermethrin showed increased enzymatic activity and increased strength of 53.5 kDa protein was observed after SDS-PAGE of microsomal protein. The molecular weight of this protein was comparable in size to that reached by TMPD (N,N,N'N '-tetramethyl-pphenylenediamine) heme staining of SDS-PAGE gels. The study clearly showed that the most sensitive and important biomarker for aquatic pollution monitoring was the CYP1A isoform.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Dawa Bhutia
Department of Zoology, Darjeeling Government College, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.

Dr. Joydeb Pal
Ecology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/343