Gene Effects on Interspecific Crosses of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum frutescens L.) for Fruit Yield and Leaf Curl Virus Resistance | Chapter 5 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

 

Chilli cultivation becomes uneconomical in rainfed or summer due to leaf curl disease which causes yield reduction of up to 50%. Being a viral disease controlling is difficult and hence development of a resistant variety is essential and understanding disease inheritance is needed. Generation mean analysis for leaf curl virus resistance and yield was investigated in two interspecific crosses of chilli namely ‘Mavellikara Local’ x ‘Jwalasakhi’ and ‘Nenmara Local’ x ‘Vellayani Athulya’. The additive (d) component was significant for all the traits studied in both crosses. But wherever dominance gene effects were significant, the dominance (h) values were higher than the additive (d) values. The dominance (h) and dominance x dominance (l) effects were in the same direction, suggesting that complementary-type epistasis occurred in most cases. The dominance x dominance (l) interaction was more predominant than the other two effects. The presence of significant levels of all types of gene actions like additive, dominance and epistasis for most of the important traits especially yield and virus resistance has indicated that a method designed to utilize all of them such as recurrent selection, multiple crosses or diallel selective mating system has to be adopted in the breeding programme.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

K. Anandhi
Department of Pulses, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Abdul Khader K. M.
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Trivandrum, Kerala Agricultural University, India.

 

Please See the book here :-https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/racas/v9/7132B

Determination of Poultry Manure on Growth and Fruit Yield of Selected Pepper Species in Nigeria | Chapter 1 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1

 

 The objective of the study is to assess the growth and yield of pepper varieties under different application rates of poultry manure and storage qualities of pepper under different storage structures. The production of pepper is low due to decrease in fertility of soil and inadequate storage structures. Pepper contributes substantially to the Nigerian diet. It is a main constituent of soups and stews. Tatase was reported to contain more minerals than others common peppers in Nigeria. A field experiment was carried out at Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan between November, 2017 and April, 2018 growing season. Two pepper types (Capsicum annum and Capsicum frutescens) were employed in this study, with four different treatments consisting of various quantities of poultry manure. In a totally randomised design, controls of 0 g of poultry manure (T1), 12.5 g (T2), 25 g (T3), and 37.5 g (T4) were spread out and reproduced four times. In June 2018, a storage experiment was conducted in the Department and at the Nigeria Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI) in Ibadan. The storage experiment comprised of four treatments with ambient condition (open shelf), wet basket, Evaporative Coolant Structure (ECS/Pot-in-pot), and plastic crates used as storage structures, laid out in a completely randomised design and replicated three times. The physical parameters obtained in days in storage (DIS) included weight loss (%), firmness, freshness, among others. Data observed were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means separated using least significant difference (LSD) at p>0.05. The result obtained showed that pepper growth was enhanced using Capsicum frutescens under 25 g poultry manure application rate which resulted to superior pepper yield. Increase in the amount of PM applied significantly improved the crude protein, crude fibre and ash content, but did not influence the dry matter. Poultry Manure did not influence dry matter of pepper for the different levels applied. Within two weeks of storage, the combination of pot-in-pot and sawdust as storage structures improved the storage properties of pepper fruits. Although the various manure treatments had no significant effect on pepper postharvest quality, the ECS can be effectively used in the storage of pepper fruits to improve postharvest quality, lengthen shelf life, and increase the commodity's affordability in all seasons.

Author(s) Details:

L. A. Babatola,
Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

C. J. Uche,
Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V1/article/view/7819

Medicinal Importance of Capsaicin from Capsicum Peppers | Chapter 05 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 Capsicum annum and Capsicum frutescens are the two most common Capsicum pepper species. Capsicum peppers, though widely used as culinary additions, have a number of therapeutic properties that might be utilised. Typically, the compounds are created for clinical use. Some of these features apply to capsicum peppers as well. They are powerful plants with a wide range of applications. Various methods for isolating the pungent agent, capsaicin, have been documented, with each experiment using a single species of both dried red (ripe) fruits and fresh green peppers as the source of the active principle. The IR analysis gives a straightforward and inexpensive approach of determining the compound's structure. However, using this method alone to reveal the structure of compounds is insufficient; other instrumentation techniques must be used for the structure of the chemical to be fully elucidated.

Author(S) Details

Ekwere, Mercy Robert
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Cross River State College of Education, Akamkpa, Nigeria.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V5/article/view/6142