Serum Mucin1 and Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Levels in Bangladeshi Cholelithiasis Patients and the Impact of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy | Chapter 3 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 7

Background: Cholelithiasis, i.e., gallstone disease (GSD), is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders. apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), In other studies, ApoE, Mucin1 and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) were implicated with cholelithiasis. However, these results were variable and needed confirmation by further research.

 

Objective: This study evaluates the associations of Mucin1 and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) between normal control subjects (NCs) and Cholelithiasis, i.e. gallstone disease (GSD) patients (Pts) preoperatively (I0) and postoperatively (II0) with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

 

Methods: Adult Pts (N=55, Gender: 10 males, 45 females; Age range: 25-65 years, Mean age±SD: 45.5 ± 12.2 years) were those reported in our previous case-control prospective interventional studies carried out from October 2016 to March 2018 at MRU, MHWT, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The patients with GSD were diagnosed as having cholelithiasis according to standard clinical and laboratory criteria as practised in the hospital. The lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C), Lp (a), ApoA1, ApoB100, ApoE, Mucin1 and CETP status in serum of NCs and Pts (I0, II0) and Pts-Bile (I0) were made by standard clinical laboratory methods using research/diagnostics kits from reputed companies and reported in the recent past. Recently, further advanced statistical analyses on these data were made according to the objectives of the present article, i.e. to obtain information regarding associations (correlations) between serum Mucin1 and CETP status among NCs and Pts (I0, II0) by using the SPSS programme version 26.

 

Results: Regarding associations (correlations) between Mucin1 and CETP status among NCs (I0) and Pts (I0) and Pts (II0), significant Pearson correlations were found for Pts-Mucin1 (I0) vs Pts-CETP (I0) (r=0.316, p=0.019), Pts-Mucin1 (Bile-I0) vs Pts-CETP (Bile-I0) (r=0.441, p=0.005), Pts-Mucin1 (II0) vs Pts-CETP (I0) (r=0.398, p=0.007), Pts-Mucin1 (I0) vs Pts-CETP (II0) (r=0.335, p=0.017) and NCs-Mucin1 (I0) vs Pts-CETP (Bile-10) (r=0.375, p=0.048). No significant correlations were observed between any of the other groups compared (P>0.05).

 

Conclusions: The observations on associations between Mucin1 and CETP among NCs and Pts (I0, II0) suggested their probable involvement in the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. Since GSD is one of the most prevalent diseases in gastroenterology, an appropriate diagnostic approach and management in clinical practice, such as medical treatment and surgical intervention depending on the patient’s condition, should be adopted. Considering the complexity of the molecular mechanisms in the formation of gallstones, further studies on GSD are certainly warranted, particularly involving a larger number of Bangladeshi patients in the future.

 

Author(s) Details

A. S. M. Giasuddin
Impulse Hospital, ImHS&RC Ltd, 304/E, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh.

 

K. A. Jhuma
Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

 

M. A. M. Choudhury
Department of Surgery, MCW&H, MHWT, Plot-4, Road-8/9, Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

A. M. M. Haq
Department of Internal Medicine, MCW&H and Chairman of MRU, MCN&H, MHWT, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v7/5598

 

Novel Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in Childhood Obesity | Chapter 3 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 3

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the primary global cause of mortality annually. Numerous distinct risk factors contribute to the development of CVD, such as hypertension, age, smoking, insulin resistance, obesity, elevated concentrations of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, as well as reduction of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Traditional markers of CVD have been insufficient to accurately predict atherogenic risk, promoting the search of novel markers such as lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), considered a marker of vascular specific inflammation and HDL functionality. Among the risk factors for CVD, obesity represents one of particular importance given that its prevalence has increased notably on a global scale. In addition to adults, obesity has become highly prevalent in pediatric populations. Importantly, childhood obesity and related complications can track into adulthood. Furthermore, the atherogenic process starts early in life and the status of these new markers of CVD risk has been insufficiently described in children and adolescents, particularly in the context of childhood obesity. In the different studies carried out by our group, we showed alterations in vascular inflammation, and different cardioprotective functions of HDL suggesting an increase in atherogenic risk in obese pediatric populations even at early age. These alterations would be present in both general and abdominal specific obesity and could extend beyond alterations in traditional markers such as lipid profile. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the status of these markers in childhood obesity. 

Author(s) Details:

Davico, Belen,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Lozano Chiappe, Ezequiel,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Gomez Rosso, Leonardo,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Ballerini, Gabriela,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Boero, Laura,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Martín, Maximiliano,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Brites, Fernando,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V3/article/view/13158

Industrial Effluent Waste Management & Cost Analysis | Chapter 3 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 11

 Popular Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) mitigate industrial effluent emissions. The plant tracks the decrease in physical and biochemical parameters, such as total suspended solids (TSS), biological demand for oxygen (BOD), chemical demand for oxygen (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), heavy metals, etc. A variant of the ASP, the Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR), incorporates all the treatment phases and processes into a single basin. Attached Growth Batch Reactor (AGBR) technology is an improved SBR process that provides for microbial growth on the settled media/bed for enzyme-based treatment of industrial wastewater. When used for the treatment of contaminated river water, this technology produced a 90 percent decrease in waste water parameters. Sludge settlement occurs in both of the above processes. It contains a biodegradable content of carbon that can be used as feed for Biogas Digesters for Methane Production. The purpose of the current study is to analyse the advantages of the combination of AGBR and Biogas Digester to enforce the 3Rs (Reduce, Recycle, Reuse). This study highlights the detrimental impact of untreated industrial effluent discharge, the mandatory policies of the pollution control board for the establishment of common effluent treatment plants, the advantage of the AGBR over the establishment of traditional SBRs, and the importance of biogas digesters in the biodegradation of sludge produced during the treatment of industrial effluent.

Author (s) Details

Prof. G. Vijay Samuel
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science, Chennai, India.

Dr. T. Srinivas
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science, Chennai, India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/335