Obstetric Complications Leading to Acute Renal Failure: Insights into Management Challenges | Chapter 11 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 1

Acute Renal Failure (ARF) during pregnancy poses a formidable challenge to healthcare practitioners, demanding a profound understanding of the intricate interplay between renal physiology and the unique physiological changes inherent to gestation. This chapter endeavors to unravel the complexities surrounding ARF in the pregnant population, providing a comprehensive overview. The physiological alterations of ARF explored the hemodynamic changes, alterations in glomerular filtration rate, and hormonal influences, providing a foundation for comprehending the unique challenges posed by renal failure in the pregnant population. The incidence of AKI in pregnancy (P-AKI) has markedly decreased over the last three decades in India, particularly due to decreased incidence of postabortion AKI. However, P-AKI still accounts for 3%–5% of cases of total AKI. Postabortion sepsis has decreased to between 0.9% and 1.5% in 2014 from 9.4% in 1980– 1990 in the new millennium. A multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, nephrologists, and other specialists is often necessary to address the complex nature of ARF in pregnancy and to ensure the best possible outcomes for both the mother and the developing fetus.

Author(s) Details:

Medhavi Sharma,
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V1/article/view/13660

Clinical Profile and Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury Due to Hair Dye Poisoning: A Prospective Study | Chapter 15 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 2

 Background: In recent decades, suicides have increased at an alarming rate over the world, claiming the most productive age group in society. India, like the rest of the developing world, is not exempt to the unnecessarily rising death toll.

Methods: For this prospective observational study, 31 patients were enrolled at Osmania General Hospital between November 2011 and October 2013. Patients hospitalised to MICU for alleged hair dye ingestion were enrolled in the study when the exclusion criteria were ruled out. Every patient, or a family member of a patient, gave their informed consent. All standard laboratory investigations were done according to usual clinical procedures and protocols from the time of hospital admission until discharge or death, and patient-related clinical information was entered on the created proforma. The existence of AKI was defined and rated using RIFLE criteria.

The current study examines 31 cases of suicidal hair dye use, with males accounting for 6 (19.35%) and females accounting for 25%. (80.64 percent). In the age group of 21-30 years, males (30%) and females (30%) were shown to have a higher probability of committing suicide (70 percent). In 19% of patients who swallowed more than 50 mL of dye, acute kidney injury demanding hemodialysis developed. Approximately 58 percent of patients were discharged from the hospital in good general health after therapy. Respiratory problems such as pneumonia, ARDS, sepsis, and ARF claimed the lives of four patients.

Conclusions: In the current condition of emerging hair dye poisoning, it is vital for a fast response by lowering the length of stay in the hospital, as well as early management by doctors.

Author (S) Details

P. Ramulu
Department of General Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

P. Amruth Rao
National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

K. Kanthi Swaroop
Department of General Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

K. Paul Marx
Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Ch. Venkata Ramana Devi
Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V2/article/view/2688