Saturday, 14 September 2024

Multidrug and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from Clinical Samples | Chapter 10 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 3

 

Aim: The present study aimed to detect inducible clindamycin resistance,

vancomycin resistance and mupirocin resistance among MRSA isolates.

Background: Multidrug and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a

widely spread problem in clinical environment, therefore current information

regarding antimicrobial susceptibility of the pathogen is very important for the

treatment of patients and in control and prevention strategy. S. aureus, a

common pathogen, well known for its multidrug resistance. Existence of MRSA is

further worsened by inducible clindamycin resistance and emerging glycopeptide

resistance. 

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted for a period of 6 months from

May to October 2010. A total of 100 non-repetitive S. aureus isolates from

various clinical specimens were included in the study. A total of one hundred

non-repetitive isolates were subjected to routine antibiotic susceptibility testing by

Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method including cefoxitin disc for MRSA. Inducible

clindamycin resistance was detected by D-test, E-test for vancomycin MIC and

mupirocin resistance by disc diffusion.

Results: Twenty three (85.2%) isolates showed inducible clindamycin

resistance, one (3.7%) showed constitutive resistance and three (11.1%) showed

MS phenotypes. Inducible clindamycin resistance (35.7%), constitutive

resistance (2.3%) and MS phenotype (7.1%) were found to be higher in MRSA

as compared to MSSA. Only one isolate with vancomycin MIC 4µg/ml by E-test

was considered as VISA. In our study, only one strain, which had MIC 4µg/ml

has been considered as VISA. VISA may demonstrate heteroresistance or there

may be subpopulations that are resistant. Screening for hVISA requires

additional testing to reveal its hetero-variant phenotype and these methods are

more labor intensive and costly than routine susceptibility testing. Our study

detected mupirocin resistance in 11(26.1%) MRSA and 30(51.72%)MSSA

isolates, which is a cause for concern. Study showed that D-test should be

included as a routine disc diffusion test to prevent therapeutic failure with

clindamycin.

Author (s) Details

G.K. Mangala

Department of Microbiology, JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

Ravindra. B

Department of Ophthalmology, JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

K. Suresh

Department of Microbiology, JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link - https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v3/266

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