Modelling Seasonal Volatility and Level Shift in Fractionally Integrated Processes| Chapter 9 | Research Highlights in Mathematics and Computer Science Vol. 2

 This member introduces a class of migratory fractionally joined autoregressive moving average-statement conditional heteroscedasticity (SARFIMAGARCH) models, accompanying level shift type intervention that are worthy capturing together four key features momentary series: seasonality, long range reliance, volatility and level shift. The main focus act modelling migratory level shift (SLS) in fractionally joined and volatile processes. A normal extension of the seasonal level shift discovery test of the mean for a realization momentary series fulfilling SLS-SARFIMA and SLS-GARCH models was derived. Test enumerations that are useful to test if seasonal level shift in an SARFIMA-GARCH model is statistically believable were introduced. Estimation of SLS-SARFIMA and SLS-GARCH limits are also likely.

Author(s) Details:

Lawrence Dhliwayo,
Department of Statistics, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Florance Matarise,
Department of Statistics, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Charles Chimedza,
School of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHMCS-V2/article/view/8659

Bio-Ecological Status of Fresh Water Streams and Conservation Status of Fishes in Palani Hills of Southern Tamil Nadu, India | Chapter 11 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 1

 In the Western Ghats, different climate changes can be found in Palani highlands of fresh water streams. Physiochemical parameter determinations for the Palani hills' streams in South India will be useful in pandemic situations. The water quality assessment was carried out to better understand the living bio-ecological condition of freshwater stream fishes and their struggle for polluted stream water in the aftermath of the pandemic, as well as variations in physiochemical parameters throughout Tamilnadu's seasonally. Palani hills freshwater streams will be harmed, the bio ecological condition of Palani hills and living endemic freshwater fishes and biodiversity will be influenced, and physiochemical parameters of Palani hills streams in South India are scarce and have attracted increasing attention during the Pandemic situation, the analytical study will be useful to understand the conservation status of Palani hills freshwater streams and endemic freshwater fishes.

Author(S) Details

S. Kalaimani
Department of Zoology, A.P.A College of Arts and Culture, Palani-624601, Dindigul (D.t), Tamil Nadu, India.

C. Kandeepan
Department of Zoology, A.P.A College of Arts and Culture, Palani-624601, Dindigul (D.t), Tamil Nadu, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V1/article/view/6313

Describing the Summary of Single Site Extreme Wave Analysis in the Pacific Ocean Comparing Stationary and Non-Stationary GEV Models | Chapter 11 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 4

 In this book chapter, an extreme value review of maximum significant waves recorded at a buoy located in the Pacific Ocean is summarized from a prior report. The study was carried out from two viewpoints, considering a stationary distribution generalized extreme value (GEV) model (i.e. time fluctuations are not accounted for) and considering a non-stationary GEV model integrating the maximum observed monthly seasonality values in time increments; the maximum relevant wave behavior was parameterized using a harmonic function. For a single buoy, the two approaches were contrasted. A seasonality effect was observed in the analysis, which was also present in previous studies in the Gulf of Mexico, and which could not be captured by a stationary model. Future studies to classify severe wave behavior aimed at enhancing the design and management of coasts and ports by providing seasonality for more buoys and broader regions are desirable.

Author (s) Details

F. Calderón-Vega
Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad de Guanajuato, Juárez 77, Zona Centro, P.C. 36000 Guanajuato, Gto. Mexico and Laboratori d’Enginyeria Marítima, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Mòdul D1, Campus Nord, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.

C. Mösso
Laboratori d’Enginyeria Marítima, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Mòdul D1, Campus Nord, 08034, Barcelona, Spain and Centre Internacional d'Investigació dels Recursos Costaners, Jordi Girona 1-3, Mòdul D1, Campus Nord, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.

A. D. García-Soto
Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad de Guanajuato, Juárez 77, Zona Centro, P.C. 36000 Guanajuato, Gto. Mexico.

E. Delgadillo-Ruiz
Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad de Guanajuato, Juárez 77, Zona Centro, P.C. 36000 Guanajuato, Gto. Mexico.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V4/issue/view/13

Effect of Rotifer Community to Microhabitat Structure Changes Caused by Summer- Concentrated Rainfall in a Shallow Reservoir, South Korea | Chapter 4 | Modern Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 1

 Empirical studies suggest that the diversity and abundance of macrophytes determine the structural heterogeneity of the microhabitat of the aquatic ecosystem. Excessive accumulation of free-floating macrophytes on the surface of the water will, however, reduce the biomass of submerged macrophytes, leading to a relatively simplified structure of the ecosystem. We hypothesised that heavy summer rainfall disrupts the growth of free-floating macrophytes covering most of the water surface of the Jangcheok Reservoir, contributing to a more complex structure of the ecosystem by enabling a more diverse macrophytic population to evolve. Long-term (2008-2017) monitoring data (rainfall, macrophytes, and rotifers) were split into two groups: rainy and dry years, referring to years with annual rainfall higher and lower than the overall annual average. We found that rotifers' summer densities dropped sharply in the Rainy Years, but steadily increased in the Dry Years. Which we have attributed to habitat changes associated with the development of differential macrophytes. By creating large areas of open water and thus a more complex autumnal microhabitat structure, moderate disruption of the water surface caused by high summer rainfall may encourage the growth of submerged macrophytes, resulting in seasonal variations in rotifer group structures and populations. In addition, a highly complex micro-habitat structure limits the foraging behaviour of fish preying on rotifers (i.e., Lepomis macrochirus). On the basis of these results, we propose that summer-concentrated rainfall plays an important role in promoting the diversity of rotifers in terms of density and organisms. We conclude that summer rainfall plays an important role in promoting rotifer diversity based on the findings of this analysis. While rotifer density is negatively affected by summer rainfall, we have found positive effects in terms of species diversity. We propose the diversity of high autumn rotifer species in the Rainy Years

Author (s) Details

Jong-Yun Choi
National Institute of Ecology, Seo-Cheon Gun, Chungcheongnam Province 325-813, South Korea.

Seong-Ki Kim
National Institute of Ecology, Seo-Cheon Gun, Chungcheongnam Province 325-813, South Korea.



View Book :-  https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/305

Assessing the Impact of Seasonality on Cross River Gorilla Nest Construction at Kagwene Gorilla Sanctuary, North-West Cameroon: An Advanced Study | Chapter 9 | Current Perspectives to Environment and Climate Change Vol. 4

 

The Cross River gorilla, one of the most endangered subspecies of western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) is
endemic to 12 to 14 sites at the Cameroon-Nigeria border, where it is facing enormous threats from
habitat loss, bush meat trade and minor climate changes (seasonal changes). In a strive to reduce the
enormous stressors on this subspecies, this study assesses the impact of seasonality on nest
construction by Cross River gorillas in the Kagwene Gorilla Sanctuary with the objective of evaluating
the impact of seasonal changes on the nest construction. To achieve this goal, the study employed a
hunter guided survey team, as well as guides/trackers of the Wildlife Conservation Society. This team
regularly tracks and searches the forest for gorilla signs using vegetation trails, food prints, dung, and
feeding signs which are subsequently followed onwards to the nesting site. Data were collected from
January to December 2014. A total of 268 fresh gorilla nest sites were observed containing 1813
individual nests. Out of the 1813 nests recorded, 39.6% (N=718) of the nests were on the ground
and 60.4% (N=1095) on trees. The frequency of each nest type varied significantly among months
(P =0.4433). There was a significant effect of season on nest category. Ground categories (bare
earth, herbaceous, woody and mixed) were more common in the dry season (74.9%) than in the wet
season (25.1%). On the other hand, tree nests were more common in the wet season (77.4%) than in
the dry season (22.6%). Mean nest diameter for the two seasons (dry and wet) was 1.1 and 1.3 m,
respectively. The mean nest height was 12.5 m for both seasons. Cross River gorillas showed higher
preferences for tree nests within the height class interval of 11 to 15 m (49.6%). The distribution of
nests across gradient of altitudes did not vary significantly between seasons (P>0.05), and nests were
most common on steep slopes (n=810). Seasonality did not significantly affect the choice of slope
(P>0.05). There was a significant difference in the habitat types (primary forest, light gap, secondary
forest and rock) used for nesting, with primary forest being most preferred. Nest site distribution was
predominant in the northern section of the sanctuary. This study reveals that, both temperature and
rainfall play an important role in nest construction by Cross River gorilla at Kagwene.

Author (s) Details

Nkwatoh Athanasius Fuashi
Department of Environmental Science, University of Buea, Cameroon.

Akenji Lesly Nji
Wildlife Conservation Society, Takamanda-Mone Landscape Project, Cameroon.

Melle Maurice Ekane
Department of Environmental Science, University of Buea, Cameroon.

Andrew Fowler
Wildlife Conservation Society, Takamanda-Mone Landscape Project, Cameroon.

Romanus Ikfuingei
World Wide Fund for Nature, Mount Cameroon National Park, Cameroon.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/247