Ovarian torsion is a rare but critical gynaecological emergency.
This manuscript aims to provide a review of the current understanding of
ovarian torsion, its clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, management
strategies, and outcomes. This review aims to enhance awareness among
healthcare providers and improve the timely diagnosis and management of this
potentially devastating condition. A torsed ovary poses significant diagnostic
and therapeutic challenges, particularly in infants and young children. It
requires prompt recognition and intervention in order to prevent irreversible
damage to the ovary and subsequent implications for fertility and overall
reproductive health. The ovary twists on its ligamentous support, obstructing
blood supply to the organ which potentially results in ischaemia and necrosis
of ovarian tissue. While simple ovarian cysts are common, true ovarian
neoplasms are definitely rare in infancy and unusual in childhood. A variety of
treatment options are available like pre-natal or post-natal cyst aspiration,
observation and surgery. Both open surgical and laparoscopic approaches are
feasible. Laparoscopy has emerged as a gold standard for the diagnosis of
ovarian torsion and masses. The surgical choices vary from ovary-sparing
procedures like detorsion alone or detorsion combined with an oophoropexy;
ovarian cystectomy; fenestration and de-roofing of cyst to more radical
approaches like salpingo-oophorectomy, which obviously entails loss of the
organ. The treating surgeon or the gynaecologist is faced with the following
three questions: is the organ viable? can it be a malignancy? and which
treatment option will be best suited for the individual case. This makes the
topic not only interesting for discussion but valuable for future scientific
research.
Author
(s) Details
Aniruddha
D. Bhagwat
Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, New Bombay, India, Department of
Paediatric Surgery, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Parel, Mumbai, India and
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and
Research Centre, Affiliated to Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Deemed to be
University, Pune, (MS) 411018, India.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v5/1668
