Understanding Healthcare Choices through Psychoeconomics: A New Interdisciplinary Approach | Chapter 4 | Business, Management and Economics - Research Progress Vol. 1

 

We introduce the Psychoeconomics of Healthcare Decisions, a novel interdisciplinary field that combines psychological and economic insights to understand the "why" behind our medical choices. This field explores the intricate web of psychological factors, economic considerations, and individual behaviors that influence healthcare decision-making. By examining the impact of cultural contexts and socio-economic environments, Psychoeconomics of Healthcare Decisions aims to provide a deeper understanding of patient choices. This manuscript outlines the goals and methodologies of this emerging field, highlighting its potential to revolutionize healthcare delivery through improved patient education, informed policy decisions, and enhanced preventive care utilization and treatment adherence. Practical applications, such as case studies on framing effects and shared decision-making, demonstrate how this knowledge can improve public health outcomes.

 

Author(s) Details

Matteo Maria Cati
Department of Economics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/bmerp/v1/1127

A Comprehensive Review of Anesthesia and Pulmonary Hypertension: Insights into Preoperative Preparation, Monitoring and Treatment | Chapter 11 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 11

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex disease of the cardiopulmonary system. The most common causes of postoperative mortality in PH patients are acute RVF, arrhythmias (particularly atrial fibrillation [AF]), ischemia, congestive heart failure (CHF), unstable hemodynamic status, hypoxia, respiratory and renal failure, sepsis, and stroke. Perioperative management of PH is one of the most challenging issues for anesthetists. Morbidity and mortality are significantly high in PH patients undergoing surgery due to right heart failure, arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, ischemia, hemodynamic instability, hypoxia, respiratory failure, renal failure, sepsis, and stroke. Detailed preoperative evaluation and correct anesthetic management will significantly increase the chances of a successful peri-operative outcome in these patients. In PH patients, it is important that more than one physician, including anesthesiologist, intensivist, pulmonologist, cardiologist, and surgeon, discuss the patient’s possible difficulties and complications with a multidisciplinary approach and make a decision. In order to optimize the management of PH patients, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the underlying cause, pathophysiology, risk factors, course, and treatment of the disease. Currently, no evidence-based information is available for choosing general, regional, or combined anesthesia as anesthetic techniques for PH patients. A balanced anesthesia technique, including inhalation or intravenous agents, appropriate regional anesthesia (RA), opioids, and α-2-adrenoceptor agonists may provide the most uniform hemodynamic profile in these patients. The basis of anesthesia management should be to prevent and treat triggering factors, provide perfusion pressures, and optimize right ventricular functions. Advanced monitoring, pulmonary vasodilator therapies, adequate anesthesia and analgesia, and appropriate ventilator settings should be performed for patients with PH. Patients with PH should be followed in the intensive care unit in the first 48–72 h postoperatively. In PH patients, advanced intraoperative and postoperative follow-up, pulmonary vasodilator treatments, adequate anesthesia, and analgesia should be considered. It is essential to optimize the patient for surgery in a nonemergency situation and to organize treatment and education of the patient for the long-term period of the disease. This book chapter aims to focus on appropriate preoperative preparation, perioperative monitoring, anesthesia and ventilator management, pain control, preventive methods, and treatment in patients with PH in light of the literature.

 

Author (s) Details

Nedim Çekmen
Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Intensive Care Unit Fevzi Cakmak Caddesi 10, Sokak No: 45 Bahcelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey.

 

Begüm Nemika Gökdemir
Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Intensive Care Unit Fevzi Cakmak Caddesi 10, Sokak No: 45 Bahcelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v11/3154

Necrotizing Fasciitis: Current Advances in Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Management | Chapter 2 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 12

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but life-threatening disease, spreading rapidly through fascial planes and leading to severe tissue necrosis, sepsis, organ dysfunction or failure, and death. The mainstays of management that can modify outcome are the awareness for early detection and the prompt and simultaneous initiation of all aspects of treatment. The timely diagnosis relies on clinical findings, which can further be supplemented and supported by various diagnostic adjuncts; however, clinical suspicion remains superior to any lab test. Delayed diagnosis and treatment, pre-existing organ dysfunction, and concomitant illnesses contribute to poor outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach, involving aggressive surgical debridement, is essential.

 

Author (s) Details

Avgoustou Constantinos
Surgical Department, General Hospital of Nea Ionia ‘‘Constantopoulion-Aghia Olga-Patission’’,13, Ploutarchou Str, 15344, Gerakas Attikis, Athens, Greece.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v12/4844

Frequency of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Study at Saint Francis Referral Hospital, Morogoro-Tanzania | Chapter 10 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 8

Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcer is a common complication of Diabetic mellitus. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia leads to diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), which eventually results in amputation. Prevention and management of DFU requires a multi-disciplinary to improve DFU care.

Methodology: The study was conducted at St. Francis Referral Hospital a semi-urban health institute in the southwestern part of Tanzania. A cross-section retrospective study was conducted at Saint involving the hospital information of the patients who had foot ulceration. Data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 26).

Results: During the 12 months, DFU admission was found to be 19.14%. The 5th decade was the predominant age group which is 32.0% and the 9th decade was the least of all. There was a relatively high mortality rate (15.1%). The most identified factor for unfavorable outcomes was the presence of infection and severity of wound whose both P-values were statistically significant (0.010 and 0,027 respectively).

Conclusion: There is a need for diabetic foot care improvement involving reversed clinical patient visits in remote rather than the patients attending hospitals. The management and designing of this protocol should be in a multidisciplinary approach, involving surgeons, physicians, physiotherapists, nutritionists as well as nurses at the hospital level. Emphasis should be on proper assessment and grading of the ulcer severity to enable DFU prevention and proper management.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Theresia A. Karuhanga
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 175, Ifakara, Tanzania and Department of Surgery, Saint Francis Referral Hospital, P.O. Box 73, Ifakara, Tanzania.

 

Claus Thomas
Department of Miclobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences. P.O. Box 175, Ifakara, Tanzania.

 

Philbert Madoshi
Department of Miclobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences. P.O. Box 175, Ifakara, Tanzania and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 175, Ifakara, Tanzania.

 

Sakurani T Balthazary
Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 175, Ifakara, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v8/3560

Overview of Cerebral Palsy in Children| Chapter 14 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 7

 

 Cerebral paralysis is a gathering of long-lasting problems of the improvement of development and stance, causing movement impediments that are credited to non moderate aggravations that happened in the creating fetal or newborn child cerebrum .The gamble factors incorporate antenatal, perinatal, post pregnancy causes like maternal infection,eclampsia, toxoplasmosis ,rubella, twin birth, low birth weight, troublesome conveyance and head injury during the initial not many long stretches of life. Around 2% of cases are accepted to be because of an acquired hereditary reason. As indicated by European information, the typical recurrence of Cerebral paralysis is 2.08 per 1000 live births.

The various kinds of subtypes have been depicted on the particular issues present as spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic structures. The order is additionally finished as spastic diplegia, monoplegia, hemiplegia, twofold hemiplegia in view of body parts included. The coordinated methodology is proposed in administration of cerebral paralysis which includes extraordinarily physiotherapy word related treatment, language training. The treatment procedures should be utilitarian objective situated. Muscle tone enhancement, anticipation of contractures, improvement in situating and cleanliness and give great dealing with to decrease strange development designs, is the way to work on personal satisfaction in cerebral paralysis. The multidisciplinary group including the youngster and relatives ought to be advised with respect to benefits if sequential assessment, early intercession and urged to follow treatment arranging.

Author(s) Details:

Edwin Dias,
SIMS&RC, India and  Srinivas University, India.

S. Sonali,
Department of Physiotherapy, SSIMS, Srinivas University, Mangalore, India.

Akshay Dias,
Department of Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V7/article/view/7845

Overview of the Current Therapeutic Options in the Management of Pancreatic Pseudocysts| Chapter 16 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 10

 Pseudocysts of the pancreas are commonly seen in a variety of clinical circumstances. In cases of severe and persistent symptoms, complications, or a strong suspicion of malignancy, surgical therapy is recommended. While many of the classic treatments are now regularly performed using a minimally invasive approach, there are various therapeutic options accessible with no prospective and randomised comparative studies to establish unambiguous advantages of a particular strategy (endoscopic, laparoscopic or percutaneous). The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current methods available for the treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts, highlighting the benefits, drawbacks, and limits of each procedure, including the requirement for specialised equipment and the availability of highly qualified medical professionals The optimum management of pancreatic pseudocysts entails a multidisciplinary team using all available therapies, however this is uncommon in today's medical practise.

Author (S) Details

Petre V. H. Botianu
University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology "GE Palade" from Targu-Mures, Romania.

Ana Maria Botianu
Transylvania University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Internal Medicine, Brasov, Romania.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V10/article/view/2264