Quaternary Sediments and Their Relationship to Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposits in the South Banda Basin, Indonesia | Chapter 8 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 1

 

The South Banda back-arc basin is a morphotectonic environment that is part of the South Banda Basin, characterised by a flat morphology with depths ranging from 5000m to 6000m. This region has the potential for the presence of massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, which are associated with and created by volcanic hydrothermal events in submarine environments. The purpose of this study is to analyse and relate morphometric aspects to the Quaternary seabed sediment deposits deposited in an active tectonic basin in the Banda Sea area, including information on the type of sediment and its distribution as well as its relation to volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) or VMS mineral deposits. The seabed lithofacies in the Banda Arc area were deposited in several morphotectonic environments. Each morphotectonic environment is distinguished by its distinctive morphological appearance. The types of deposits that are deposited are pelagic and hemipelagic deposits, including turbidite and volcanic origin deposits. Turbidite deposits consist of fine sediments (silt to very fine sand) and coarse sediments (medium sand to gravel). Volcanic deposits consist of gravel, sand, muddy sand, and silt, which are classified as very poorly to moderately well sorted. The grain composition is volcanic lithic, feldspar, augite, hypersthene, and enstatite, which are commonly found in volcanic arcs and troughs. Groups of volcanic grains composed of pyroxene andesite, pumice, and tuffite or siliceous gravel, distributed in the northern and middle parts of the volcanic arc area, are interpreted to originate from the Banda volcanic complex and the Seram-Gorong islands. By connecting seabed sediment characteristics with volcanic and tectonic activity, this study offers valuable indicators for locating potential volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) mineral deposits.

 

Author(s) Details

Noor C.D Aryant
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

H. Kurnio
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

M.Z Tuakia
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

A. Tampubolon
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

B. Pardiarto
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

W. Widodo
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

Kusnawana
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

Joni Widodo
Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia

 

Yudo Haryadi
Research Centre for Deep Sea, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

Sri Ardyastuti
Research Centre for Geological Disaster, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v1/5735

Study on Biodegradation and Dissipation of 14C-Carbofuran in Clay Soil from Loukkos Perimeter, Northwestern Morocco | Chapter 8 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 7

 Over the course of 63 days, the mineralization and dissipation of ¹⁴C-ring labelled carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl-methylcarbamate), one of the highly toxic N-methyl carbamate pesticides, in an untreated Vertisol Moroccan soil used for sugar beet cultivation was studied in the lab. The experiment was carried out in both flooded and dry conditions. The ¹⁴CO₂ production from soil amended with U-ring¹⁴C-carbofuran was monitored to determine carbofuran mineralization. Higher rates of ¹⁴C-carbofuran mineralization were observed in both conditions. Mineralization was greater in wet conditions (19.2 percent) than in flooded conditions (12.4 percent ). The soil extractable pesticide residues decreased over time in both conditions, while the bound residues gradually increased. In flooded conditions, the rate of extractable ¹⁴C-activity disappearance was much higher than in non-flooded conditions. Under flooded and wet conditions, 15.8% and 31% of the applied dose were retrieved as extractable residues at the end of the experiment, respectively. In flooded soil, soil bound residues accounted for 33.3 percent of the applied dose, while non-flooded soil accounted for 29.1 percent. Organic volatiles were much more abundant in flooded soil (18.2 percent), compared to 5.6 percent in non-flooded soil. Carbofuran phenol was the key degradation product. The findings show that carbofuran is mineralized more quickly in moist soils than in flooded soils, and that there is a significant difference in the rate of degradation of the material in moist and flooded soils.

Author (s) Details

Benicha Mohamed
Laboratory of Pesticides residues, UR Research on Nuclear Techniques, Environment and Quality, Regional Center of Agricultural Research, 78, Bd Mohamed Ben Abdellah, 90010 Tangier, Morocco.

Mrabet Rachid
National Institute for Agricultural Research, Av. Ennasr, Rabat, P.O.Box: 415, Morocco.

Azmani Amina
University Abdel Malik Essaadi, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ancienne Route de l'Aéroport, Km 10, Ziaten. BP: 416. Tanger, Morocco.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V7/issue/view/41