Development of Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Craniopharyngioma: Insights from a Case Report and Literature Review | Chapter 2 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

During the last decade, pediatric Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the main cause of chronic liver disease in children. NAFLD is a multicluster disease which ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis NASH. Recently it has become the main cause of chronic liver disease in children and has emerged to be predicted by many specific risk factors, such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle, on predisposing genetic settings. Increasing prevalence is thought to result from a combination of several environmental and genetic factors. The natural history of pediatric NAFLD is lacking, and the etiopathogenesis is not fully understood. It has been reported that children with craniopharyngioma can have features of metabolic syndrome and other comorbidities. A case of an 11-year-old child was reported who was diagnosed with craniopharyngioma. After the surgery of his brain tumor and hormone replacement therapy, he was diagnosed as having NAFLD. The presence of a craniopharyngioma, and/or treatment-related damage to centers in the hypothalamus that regulate energy balance often results in severe obesity and abnormal eating behaviors. This may be exacerbated by hormonal deficits from coexistent hypopituitarism. This case is used to highlight the main pathophysiologic processes resulting in the development of NAFLD in children following treatment of craniopharyngioma. The focus is on the endocrine disturbances that can link the two entities.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Manel Jemel
National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia.

 

Ines Khochtali
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Monastir University Hospital, Tunisia.

 

Hanene Sayadi
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Monastir University Hospital, Tunisia.

 

Mondher Golli
Department of Radiology, Monastir University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v2/2670

A Case Report on Sheehan’s Syndrome | Chapter 1 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 9

 Hypopituitarism known as Sheehan's Syndrome arises following a major postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Because to improved obstetric care, Sheehan's Syndrome has become a rare occurrence in affluent countries. It is still a rare and serious disease in the Indian setting. The date of presentation is determined by the severity of the pituitary necrosis, with severe cases presenting right away and less severe cases presenting years or decades later. A young woman experienced preeclampsia, antepartum haemorrhage, and postpartum haemorrhage at the time of her early twin pregnancy delivery. Three years later, she had secondary amenorrhoea. Symptoms such as weakness, hypotension, cold intolerance, loss of sexual hair, breast and vulval atrophy, and loss of desire validated the diagnosis. The levels of ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, Prolactin, Estradiol, Cortisol, and Sodium, as well as Estradiol, Cortisol, and Sodium, were all low, supporting the diagnosis. Cortisone, Thyroxine, Estrogen, and Progesterone replacement therapy enhanced her overall health. Her menstrual cycles were restored, her vaginal organs were revitalised, and she regained her libido. Less severe types of Sheehan's syndrome have a slow onset and a hazy presentation, making them difficult to identify.

Author (S) Details

Alla Satyanarayana Reddy
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College & Hospital, Karaikal, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (DU), Salem, India.

Aruna Giri
Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College and Hospital, Karaikal, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (DU), Salem, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CDHR-V9/article/view/2055