Response of Targeted Therapy Alongside Chemotherapy in an AML Patient with COVID-19 | Chapter 8 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 1

In this chapter, more detailed information was provided, which describes the first cycle treatment in a case of a newly diagnosed COVID-19 pneumonia in an AML patient. Pneumonia is a major cause of death among patients with leukemia. Venetoclax, a BH3-mimetic and selective BCL-2 inhibitor, is a medication used to treat adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). A 70-year-old normotensive, non-diabetic male was diagnosed with endocarditis with Aerococcus Viridans after a third molar extraction, followed by persistent fatigue, fever, weakness, nausea, and excessive sweating, especially at night. Afterwards, he was also diagnosed with AML M2/FAB (Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation M2). In this severe COVID-19 case, it was shown that the venetoclax treatment functioned, even in its first cycle, and moreover even without increasing the daily dose over 100 mg. One observed that the initial high value of monocytes (12620/µL) dropped after the 28-day period close to the normalization threshold (2500/µL), more exactly to 2360/µL. The positive response to venetoclax occurred even if the patient developed other comorbidities during that period, such as for example severe anemia within the disease, thrombocytopenia, and SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome).

 

Author (s) Details

 

Radu Gaba
Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy, RO-014700, Bucharest, Romania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v1/5013

Rare and Lethal Bleeding Cause of Pulmonary Tuberculosis | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 Background: A multitude of reasons can produce pulmonary aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms; however, Rasmussen's pseudoaneurysm is defined as a localised dilatation of a pulmonary artery branch into the neighbouring tuberculous cavity. Because such tuberculosis-related pulmonary vascular complications are relatively rare, many clinicians are unaware of them. Because they induce life-threatening hemoptysis, pulmonary pseudoaneurysms are difficult to cure. In addition, unlike most causes of significant hemoptysis, their bleeding begins in the pulmonary rather than bronchial arteries. Because this is linked to a very high death rate, early identification and treatment are essential. Description of the situation: We discuss the case of a young man who was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis after presenting to our hospital with recurring episodes of significant hemoptysis. Despite aggressive treatment, his hemoptysis persisted. We explore the role of several diagnostic methods as well as therapy possibilities in this case. Conclusion: Rasmussen's pseudoaneurysm is a rare tuberculosis pulmonary vascular complication that can be deadly. It should be evaluated in the differential diagnosis of hemoptysis in individuals who have pulmonary tuberculosis or are suspected of having it. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning is the study of choice to confirm the diagnosis and locate the cause of bleeding prior to therapeutic measures. In the treatment of pulmonary pseudoaneurysm, there is no direct comparison between interventional radiology treatments and surgery, thus the choice is based on availability and local expertise.

Author(S) Details

Saeed Albogami
Department of Medicine, King Fahad Hospital, Rabigh Medical College, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Abdelfattah A. Touman
King Abdullah Medical City-Makkah, KSA. and 1st Respiratory Medicine Department of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V8/article/view/4564