Kinetic Investigations of Biodegradation of Industrial Waste Effluents and Oxidation of Perfumery Alcohols | Chapter 4 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 2

The kinetics of biodegradation of industrial wastes and oxidation of perfumery alcohols was studied using silver nano particles and transition metal ions as catalysts.
 
The research was carried out under the following heads:
 

·  The effects of salinity and temperature on the biodegradation of industrial and domestic waste effluents discharged into the marine ecosystem around Mumbai City have been studied and the slow rate of the wet oxidation of carbonaceous organic matter in marine waters has been confirmed.
·  Chemical monitoring of metal pollutants in the coastal waters around Mumbai City was done using standard methods of sample collection and analysis. The chemical quality of water was compared with the WHO and ISI(Indian Statistical Institute) standards for potable water.
·   Relatively less expensive transition metal ions were used to catalyze the hydrolysis of a newly synthesized Schiff base, N-N’-disalicylidene-p,p’-diamino diphenyl methane.
·  Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized and used as green catalysts for the oxidation of perfumery alcohols. The rates of oxidation of alcohols were determined using first order kinetics.
·   Transition metal ions were effectively used as catalysts for the oxidation of Cyclic alcohols by Ce(IV) in acidic medium. Suitable reaction mechanisms have been suggested and the sequence of catalytic efficiencies of the transition metal ions have been determined.
 
 

Author(s) Details:

Damodar V. Prabhu,
Department of Chemistry, Wilson College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), Mumbai-400007, India.

Shivani S. Dhage,
CSIR- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Mumbai-400018, India.

Harishchandra A. Parbat,
Department of Chemistry, Wilson College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), Mumbai-400007, India.

Anjali Tiwari,
Department of Chemistry, Wilson College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), Mumbai-400007, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDCBR-V2/article/view/14112

Role of Catalysis in Sustainable Chemistry and Conservation of Environment| Chapter 9 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol. 1

Sustainable chemistry is focused with the creation of products that decrease the use and manufacture of environmentally harmful hazardous chemicals. Sustainable Chemistry is based on Paul Anastas and John Werner's 12 Principles of Green Chemistry, which were published in the 1990s and lay out a roadmap for long-term growth. The most essential of them is the use of catalysts to enhance atom economy and reaction yield. Catalysts are the building blocks of Green Chemistry, and there is a global search for novel catalysts. A chemical reaction's atom economy is a theoretical measure of the amount of starting material transformed into the desired product and is a reliable predictor of the reaction's greenness. As a result, a 100 percent atom economy equals zero waste. Green catalysts are recommended for several reasons: 1) improved atom economy, 2) reduced waste generation, 3) environmentally friendly products and emissions, and 4) reusability.

Biocatalysts, enzyme catalysts, nanocatalysts, and phase transfer catalysts are some examples of extensively used Green catalysts.

Toxic metal ions, such as Cr(VI), have been utilised to accelerate organic processes on a wide scale. As part of a green initiative, attempts have been undertaken to catalyse processes with less dangerous transition metal ions. The indiscriminate use of natural resources produces hazardous waste, resulting in environmental damage. Green Chemistry methods such as the use of catalysts assist to preserve precious resources by ensuring atom economy.

This article discusses the goals and key characteristics of Sustainable Chemistry, as well as the critical role catalysts play in sustainable development. The many types of catalysts, with a focus on green catalysts, as well as the catalysis mechanism, are presented with pertinent examples.

Author(s) Details:

D. V. Prabhu,
Department of Chemistry, Wilson College,Mumbai40007, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V1/article/view/6767