Iodine: A Micronutrient Essential for Human Development and Survival | Chapter 2 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 2

Micronutrients are essential for the body to perform its vital functions properly. A deficiency of these rare nutritional elements, or the occurrence of an overlapping of the elements and the loss of their nutritional value, can incite disturbances in the body’s nutritional metabolism, ruining the body’s health. Iodine is a crucial micronutrient necessary for the formation of thyroid hormones. Its deficiency can lead to various pathological issues due to insufficient hormone production. This article aims to examine key topics related to iodine deficiency and its effects on public health. Notably, iodine deficiency is the primary cause of endemic goiter. Additionally, consuming certain foods in excessive amounts can hinder the thyroid gland's ability to absorb iodine. Iodine deficiency profoundly affects health, influencing everything from pregnancy and child development to mental disabilities and reduced fertility in adults.  According to the WHO, Universal Salt Iodization is the most effective strategy. Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are significant public health concerns, resulting from insufficient thyroid hormone production due to inadequate iodine intake and affect around 2 billion people worldwide. A balanced diet rich in iodine-containing foods is essential for maintaining sufficient iodine levels. Today, researchers are particularly interested in using iodine nanoparticles (INPs) for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ozdan Akram Ghareeb
Department of Pharmacy, Kirkuk Technical Institute, Northern Technical University, Iraq.

 

Qahtan Adnan Ali
Department of Environment and Pollution Technologies Engineering, Kirkuk Technical College Engineering, Northern Technical University, Iraq.

 

Qassim Jawell Odah Abed
Department of Nursing, AL-Kut Technical Institute, Middle Technical University, Iraq.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v2/3269

Significance of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Assessment of Head and Neck Lesions | Chapter 3 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 8

The study's goal was to evaluate the frequency and geographic distribution of head and neck swellings identified by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). to evaluate the incidence and distribution of various lesions in relation to the site, the age group, the gender, and the distribution of benign and malignant lesions.

Retrospective observational research was conducted in a hospital setting. 544 patients who underwent FNAC for various head and neck swellings had their cytomorphology examined.

The vast majority of the patients were in the 31–40 age range. Lesions from the lymph nodes accounted for 264 of the 544 instances' lesions, followed by lesions from the thyroid gland (193), the salivary gland (59), the cheek (18), the post-auricular (8), and the forehead/scalp (264/193). (2).

FNAC is a very sensitive, accurate, and reliable screening and main diagnostic technique for palpable head and neck lesions. The histology is supported. By eliminating superfluous procedures and expenses for surgically and radiologically important purposes, such as deciding whether to resect a benign tumour or to schedule pricey surgeries, FNAC assists in directing the therapeutic care.

 

Author (s) Details

Jigna P. Patel

Department of Pathology, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

Trupti R. Jansari

Department of Pathology, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

Amit Chauhan

Department of Anaesthesiogy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

Jasmin Jasani

Department of Pathology, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

 

Please see the link here:-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V8/article/view/7792