Diversity, Availability, and Pattern of Use of Tree Stratum Forage in the Western Himalayas | Chapter 2 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 8

The present study explores the diversity, availability, and pattern of use of tree stratum forage in the western Himalayas. Trees have been used for centuries for fodder globally. Tree foliage is a substantial source of feed for livestock. Several species of fodder-yielding trees are distributed in different elevation zones in the mountains of the Uttarakhand Himalayas. As in many other regions of the world, farmers in the Himalayan region depend largely on this practice for sustaining their livestock during the winter and summer seasons for almost half of the year. The Himalayas are remote and inaccessible; people depend mainly on forest resources to fulfil livelihood services. The availability of fodder in the hill villages of the Uttarakhand Himalayan region is insufficient, and some of this food is supplemented through the lopping of tree foliage. Most of the fodder species were used in summer due to the availability of deciduous species; however, the availability of fodder was scarce during winter. The dependency is very high (>70%) during the period beginning from October to February. Owing to changing climatic conditions, a farmer’s preference for a particular tree species is also variable, depending on where he lives, according to the low, middle, and high hill regions. The present study deals with the diversity, distribution, availability, and community preference of fodder trees in Uttarakhand. For the present study, a questionnaire survey was administered in different districts of the Kumaon and Garhwal regions of Uttarakhand. A total of 41 species of fodder plants representing 24 genera taxonomically belonging to 18 families were enlisted and documented. Protected plantations of potential multipurpose fodder species are needed in the wasteland and need to initiate programs like afforestation, reforestation, and forest rehabilitation with participatory approaches.

 

Author(s) Details

Chander Shekhar
Doon (P.G.) College of Agriculture Sciences and Technology, Dehradun (U.K), India.

 

Akhilesh Kumar
Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, India.

Vivek Jain

Udyogini Non-Governmental Organization, Uttarakhand, India

 

Sunil Prakash
School of Agriculture, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Pankaj Lal
College of Forestry Ranichauri, University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/raeges/v8/1474

Investigating the Impact of Nitrogen and Seed Rates on Morpho-physiological Responses in Dual Purpose Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) | Chapter 6 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

 Growing two-purpose crops together, i.e. both grains and fodder, may be a good choice to reduce the pressure of growing alarming human populations. Wheat could be a better choice to alleviate the scarcity of both grains and fodder. In this direction, several works were carried out considering wheat, but the production was a constraint. Changes in fertiliser concentrations and seed rate are very important for different agronomic methods that affect yield. Nitrogen is one of the major fertiliser components that plays a crucial role in the growth of crops, including photosynthesis, protein synthesis, synthesis of nucleic acids, etc. The seed rate is directly linked to the expansion of the canopy and the interception of solar radiation, thus significantly affecting the use of environmental resources by altering the relative importance of intra- and interplant competition for light, water and nutrients during crop production and thus affecting the yield of wheat. In order to obtain information on the impact of seed rates and nitrogen levels on the forage and grain yield of dual-purpose wheat genotypes for enhanced productivity, this study was carried out with a view to the importance of the issue. Rising dual-purpose wheat is becoming increasingly important. For improved efficiency, parameters discussed in the manuscript may be taken into consideration. In order to serve both dual purposes, deep physiological and biochemical insights are needed to understand the factors that regulate both vegetative growth and grain production in wheat.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Rakesh D. Ranjan
Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Pal
Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

Sudhir Kumar
Department of Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

Dr. Birendra Kumar
Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

Dr. Sunil Kumar
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

Chandrasekhar Azad
Department of Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

Dr. Chandan Roy
Department of Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

Ms. Nishi Kumari
Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/344