Utilizing a Small Solar Water Heater for Sustainable Tea and Coffee Preparation | Chapter 14 | Innovative Solutions: A Systematic Approach towards Sustainable Future

Tea and coffee are the most common drinks both in urban as well as rural areas. Mostly LPG, wood or kerosene are used for preparation of tea in rural and urban areas. Use of fossil fuels is polluting, and adds to the cost. It is felt that small size solar thermal water heaters can help in partial saving of the conventional fuels. Therefore, in the present work the design and study of a low-cost small size solar water heater used as tea/coffee making system is described. The work suggests the installation of low-cost water heating system with the tea stall to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and generate energy savings. The works presents the design, experimental work and the economic analysis of the system with reporting of the payback periods. The experimental study of a solar tea/coffee maker with evacuated tubes is presented here. The system can be used for a number of short services (20 cups) and with total of 200-300 cups/day. The advantage of this system is that it is very low cost and has minimum components. The experimental thermal performance of the system is also found to be quite good. Maximum temperature observed with these tubes was around 107oC in winter. Several experiments were performed with solar system to prepare tea including black tea, green tea and tea with milk. The taste of the tea samples prepared was found to be good. In this paper the energy savings for different type of fuels are calculated and the payback periods are reported. The payback periods are found to be in the range 1.7 to 3.8 years with respect to different fuels. This study shows that small size solar water heater based on evacuated tubes can help in substantial energy savings for tea/coffee making stalls.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Naveen Nagar
Department of Pure and Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota, Rajasthan, India.

 

Namrata Sengar
Department of Pure and Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota, Rajasthan, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49238-47-3/CH14

Energy Savings through Retrofitting Waste Heat Recovery System on Bulk Milk Cooler | Chapter 9 | Theory and Applications of Engineering Research Vol. 5

This study highlights about energy savings through retrofitting waste heat recovery system on bulk milk cooler. Various types of heat exchangers are being used for recovering waste heat in which tube in tube type are the most common. Bulk milk coolers are used to chill the milk from its harvest temperature of 350C to 40C to arrest the bacterial growth and maintain the quality of harvested milk. Milk chilling practices are energy intensive with low coefficient of performance (COP) of about 3.0. Increased energy cost concern encouraged an investigation of heat recovery from bulk milk cooler as one conservation alternative for reducing water heating cost in dairy industry. Heat dissipated to atmosphere through condenser is recovered to improve the energy efficiency of plant. The waste heat is utilized to heat the water which is used to clean the milk processing equipment’s thus saving thermal or electrical energy used to heat the water separately. Shell and coil type heat exchanger is designed and used to recover the waste heat during condensation process. Heat rejected in condensation process consists of superheat and latent heat of the refrigerant. In this work, attempt has been made to recover complete superheat along with part of latent heat which is a present research issue. Various types of heat exchangers are being used for recovering waste heat in which tube in tube type are the most common. The results show that complete superheat and 35% of latent heat is recovered. Heat recovery rate is measured for various mass flow rates. Water is flowing on shell side and refrigerant through tubes. The effectiveness of the heat exchanger is determined and the results achieved are presented in this paper. Significant improvements have been achieved and COP of the system is increased from 3 to 4.8.

After conducting trials on the experimental setup developed in the lab, it is found that there is significant energy saving & performance enhancement as a whole system. This is implemented as a pilot project in field on one of the bulk milk cooler of a dairy plant in Maharashtra, India which is satisfactorily working with good results and less ROI.

Author(s) Details:

S. M. Pise,
Kolhapur Institute of Technology’s College of Engineering (Autonomous), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

D. V. Ghewade,
Dr. A. D. Shinde College of Engineering, Gadhinglaj, Maharashtra, India.

S. N. Sapali,
Department of Technology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

P. S. Pise,
D. Y. Patil College of Engineering (Autonomous), Kasba Bawada, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAER-V5/article/view/13342

Energy Utilization and Conservation: An Approach towards Cashew Nut Mill | Chapter 2 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 12

 Energy is used by the food processing industry to carry out targeted activities and achieve high processing efficiencies in conversion procedures that develop new types of foods. This study looked at the unit processes, energy consumption patterns, and technologies used in Cashew nut processing in order to find and offer technical solutions for increasing energy efficiency. As a case study, OLAM Nigeria Limited in Oyo State, Nigeria was used in this research. The relationship between energy consumption and production capacity was investigated in order to calculate installed capacity (P), production capacity (P), and total capacity (T) (Pr), Using conventional equations, calculate percentage production capacity utilisation (PPCU), energy (En), and energy intensity (EI). The sources of energy waste were identified, and technical solutions for increasing energy efficiency were proposed. The investigation revealed that the installed capacity and production were 12 million and 6 million units per year, respectively. While the percentage of production capacity utilisation, energy intensity, and manual energy supplied by male and female were 50 percent, 2.08MJ, 3.10MJ (0.15 percent), 418.36MJ (20.12 percent), 573.79MJ (27.59 percent), 74.85MJ (3.59 percent), and 1009.84MJ (48.56 percent), respectively. The difference in total energy used before and after conserving energy was 150,155.32MJ and 2,079.67MJ, respectively, according to comparison analysis. It was suggested that the locally fabricated brick mud heating mantle with an enclosed chamber be placed over a suitable grate with proper openings for primary and secondary channels to generate maximum heat transfer to the steam boiler and the drying kernels trays be improved to reduce heat loss and conserve energy.

Author (S) Details

J. O. Babalola
Department of Food Science and Technology, The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic Saki, Nigeria.

R. Akinoso
Department Food Technology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V12/article/view/2363