Climate Change and Livestock Production in Sierra Leone| Chapter 6 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5

 Climate change is individual of the world's most important environmental issues hurting farming and livestock result systems. Increasing temperatures cause heat stress in bovine animals, negatively moving milk production, reproduction, and the fitness of animals. The purpose concerning this study is to assess animals raised on a farm farmers' ideas and adaptive responses to surroundings change in the Koinadugu District, northern Sierra Leone. A total of 126 animals raised on a farm farmers were chosen from four chiefdoms. A wheeled vehicle for hauling-structured inquiry was used to gather the information. The of or in the atmosphere time order data was used to assess the hotness and precipitation records of the precinct. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 and excel were used to resolve the data. The result of the study shows that the laborers are aware of climate change by essential clues such as an increase in moisture (82.5%), increasing heat waves (77.0%), and decreased precipitation (54.0%). The shortages of animal feed (x¯ = 4.14), water scarcity (x¯ = 4.10), greater veterinary care expenditures (x¯ = 4.25), and increase in the spread of afflictions (x¯= 3.14) are some of the impacts of climate change on bovine animals production. The naturalization strategies employed apiece farmers contain a reduction of livestock populace (87.3%), vaccination of mammals (95.2%), migration along with mammals during antagonistic climatic conditions (75.4%), and supplying of salt and urea sweet liquid block (70.6%). The factors impeding the peasant's climate change agreement include inadequate approach to veterinary services, incompetent forage and pasture, shortage of water resources, a lack of capital, incompetent information about climate change, and incompetent infrastructure. Therefore, the administration should pursue powerful policies to help animals raised on a farm farmers adjust to mood change in the long run.

Author(s) Details:

Abdul Rahman Sesay,
Department of Animal Science, Njala Campus, Njala University, Sierra Leone.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V5/article/view/8824

Assessment of Climate Reactive Strategies for Improving Cotton Yield in Gujarat, India | Chapter 3 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 A significant barrier to low cotton yield in rainfed cotton is moderate to severe moisture stress at the crucial period. The primary goals of the proposed study are to determine the levels of moisture stress in the Gujarat state's rainfed cotton growing region and to offer suitable corrective measures through the development of water resource structures, the collection of extra rainwater during the rainy season, and the use of supplemental irrigation during dry spells and after the monsoon season. Therefore, it is crucial to calculate reference evapotranspiration (ETo), actual water demand, and a plan for using that water to increase rainfed cotton production. For 10 cotton-growing districts in Gujarat, India, daily meteorological data were gathered from 2001 to 2011 in an effort to solve these issues. Then, multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between lint yields, numerous meteorological factors, and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) at four critical stages of cotton growth. To calculate the water shortage, surplus, true evapotranspiration, soil storage, and change in soil water storage over a number of non-Bt and Bt cotton-growing years, calculations were done. From June to December, January to April, and the entire crop growth period, ETo was found to be 662-947, 414-687, and 1076-1596 mm, respectively, and rainfall was found to be 490-1150, 5.5-35, and 442-1210 mm. It is found from the meteorological data that more irrigation is required in rainfed circumstances both throughout the longer cotton growing season (January to April) and after the monsoon rains have stopped. The growth stage of the cotton boll may enable efficient utilisation of the rainwater that was conserved, ultimately increasing WUE and lint yield.

Author(s) Details:

R. B. Singandhupe,
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, India.

A. Manikandan
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, India.

D. Blaise,
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, India.

S. Chattaraj,
ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and land Use Planning, Nagpur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V2/article/view/8155

Determining the Association between Climatic Variables and Malaria Incidence in Kokrajhar District of Assam, India | Chapter 4 | Research Developments in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 5

The Kokrajhar region's weather is favourable for malaria transmission all year round. Due to the district's extensive forest coverage, the dynamics of malaria transmission in forested and non-forested areas differ. The temporal link between malaria incidence and climatic factors was investigated using observed malaria incidence rates in the forest, non-forest, and total district from 2001 to 2010. To seek for connections between the two, Pearson correlation analysis was utilised. Cross-correlation testing was used to compare pre-whitened series of meteorological variables with data related to malaria. While linear regressions were employed to discover linear relationships between climatic conditions and malaria incidence, weighted least squares regression was used to construct models for explaining and estimating malaria incidence rates. Using the Markham approach, the seasonal index was utilised to look at the yearly concentration of malaria incidence. There are several malaria seasons in locations with and without forests. While the frequency of non-forest malaria was negatively linked with temperature series, the incidence of malaria in forests was favourably correlated with relative humidity. Comparatively to non-forest areas, the forest region has a greater seasonality of malaria concentration. Annual variations in malaria cases in the forest were significantly correlated with temperature (coeff =0.689, p=0.040). A substantial portion of the observed variability in the incidence rates for all may be explained by separate, credible models that were built for forecasting malaria incidence rates based on the combined effect of meteorological factors on malaria incidence in different sections of the district. The occurrence of malaria in the region is complicated by the local climate. In both forests and non-forest settings, the incidence of malaria is impacted differently by climate factors. The amount of rainfall has a significant impact on the district's malaria prevalence. Parasites that cause malaria have evolved to a relative humidity level that was greater above the district's usual range for transmission. The combined impacts of the climatic conditions were utilised to develop models rather than the individual effects.

Author(s) Details:

Dimacha Dwibrang Mwchahary,

Department of Mathematics, Kokrajhar Govt. College, India.

Dilip C. Nath,

Former VC, Assam University, Assam, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDASS-V5/article/view/7287