Gas Chromatographic–Mass Spectrometric Determination of Azithromycin in Biological Fluids: An Experimental Investigation| Chapter 15 | New Innovations in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol.7

 Antibiotics are now commonly utilised in food-producing animals to stimulate growth and preserve optimal health. The antibiotic azithromycin monohydrate belongs to the macrolide antibiotic class. As an efficient antibiotic, it is used to treat sexually transmitted illnesses, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and skin structure infections.

Methods: A method for determining azithromycin monohydrate residue in bodily fluids using a gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric (GC–MS) method is described. This approach identifies residual azithromycin (AZM) in biological fluids using single-ion monitoring (SIM). If the residual level in a sample is greater than 5 g/mL, a full-scan electron impact (EI) mass spectrum can be used to corroborate the results. Before partitioning between chloroform and phosphate buffer solution, AZM is extracted from a sample with chloroform and cleaned up with n-hexane washing. The cleaned extract is acetylated in an acetic anhydride–pyridine combination at room temperature (1:2).
Results: The reaction mixture was put into the GC–MS instrument, and SIM at m/z 200 was used to detect it. 2 g/mL is the detection limit.
Conclusions: This proposed method has the potential to be used in both forensic and toxicological laboratories to analyse drugs.

Author(s) Details:

Subbiah Thangadurai,
Post Graduate Studies and Research Department of Chemistry, Raja Doraisingam Government Arts College, Government of Tamil Nadu, 630 561 Sivagangai, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NICB-V7/article/view/5978

Modern Methods for Analysis of Antiepileptic Drugs in the Biological Fluids for Pharmacokinetics, Bioequivalence and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Studies: Advanced Research | Chapter 4 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 1

Epilepsy is a chronic disease occurring in approximately 1.0% of the world’s population. About 30% of the epileptic patients treated with available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) continue to have seizures and are considered therapy-resistant or refractory patients. The ultimate goal for the use of AEDs is complete cessation of seizures without side effects. Because of a narrow therapeutic index of AEDs, a complete understanding of its clinical pharmacokinetics is essential for understanding of the pharmacodynamics of these drugs. These drug concentrations in biological fluids serve as surrogate markers and can be used to guide or target drug dosing. Because early studies demonstrated clinical and/or electroencephalographic correlations with serum concentrations of several AEDs, it has been almost 50 years since clinicians started using plasma concentrations of AEDs to optimize pharmacotherapy in patients with epilepsy. Therefore, validated analytical method for concentrations of AEDs in biological fluids is a necessity in order to explore pharmacokinetics, bioequivalence and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) in various clinical situations. There are hundreds of published articles on the analysis of specific AEDs by a wide variety of analytical methods in biological samples have appears over the past decade. This review intends to provide an updated, concise overview on the modern method development for monitoring AEDs for pharmacokinetic studies, bioequivalence and therapeutic drug monitoring. 

Author(s) Details

Professor Ju-Seop Kang,
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791,

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